Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

Seventy-seventh session

Geneva, 10–28 February 2025

Item 6 (a) of the provisional agenda

Consideration of reports: reports submitted by States parties in accordance with articles 16 and 17 of the Covenant

Replies of Peru to the list of issues in relation to its fifth periodic report *

[Date received: 13 January 2025]

Introduction

1.Peru ratified the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights on 28 April 1978. Pursuant to article 16 of the Covenant, the present report is submitted in response to the list of issues in relation to the fifth periodic report of Peru (E/C.12/PER/Q/5).

2.The document includes information relating to the period from December 2021 to August 2024. The replies are presented in the same order as the issues raised by the Committee.

I.General information

3.With reference to paragraph 3, the State has implemented an intersectoral mechanism for the protection of human rights defenders with a view to protecting and recognizing human rights defenders and ensuring their access to justice. Assistance has been provided to 450 defenders of environmental rights and Indigenous Peoples’ rights.

4.In the framework of the intersectoral mechanism, the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights promoted the establishment of eight regional committees in the regions of Ucayali, Madre de Dios, San Martín, Loreto, Amazonas, Junín, Piura and Huánuco to facilitate the adoption of measures and coordination between the national and regional governments and civil society organizations.

5.The Public Prosecution Service has provided the following statistics:

Acts of persecution against, and attempts on the lives of defenders of economic, social and cultural rights, including environmental defenders

Prosecutor’s office	Number of cases, by stage of proceedings
Complaint	Investigation	Prosecution	Sentencing	Civil redress
Supra-provincial criminal prosecutors’ offices nationwide	36	110	9	0	0

Source : Public Prosecution Service .

6.To ensure the timely investigation and punishment of offences against human rights defenders, the authorities issued Supreme Decree No. 109-2023-EF of 4 June 2023 authorizing the transfer to the Public Prosecution Service of a budgetary allocation of 99,001,010 soles (S/.) for fiscal year 2023 to finance the establishment of prosecutors’ offices for human rights and interculturality, with national jurisdiction over all offences committed against human rights defenders by reason of their activities as such.

7.With reference to paragraph 4, the Directorate General of Human Rights of the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights is the competent entity for the implementation of the National Action Plan on Business and Human Rights. The main results achieved are as follows:

•Regarding the strengthening of the State, highlights include: (i) presentation of the report on the progress made by the various sectors in 2021 and 2022 in implementing the National Action Plan on Business and Human Rights 2021–2025; (ii) launch of the process of preparing the document for reporting on the progress made by the various sectors in implementing the National Action Plan 2021–2025; (iii) Directorate Decision No. 001-2023-JUS/DGDH of 25 January 2023 approving the decentralization strategy for the implementation of the National Action Plan 2021–2025;

•On 31 January 2023, the Business and Human Rights Training Programme under the National Action Plan 2021–2025 was approved, with the result that: (i) three editions of a course on business and human rights were held for public sector officials and civil servants, with a total of 197 people trained, and (ii) a training plan for trade unions on guiding principles and responsible business conduct was approved, with an emphasis on women;

•Regarding due diligence, the authorities have approved: (i) publication of an information booklet on due diligence measures for upholding collective labour rights, prepared in collaboration with the Ministry of Labour and Employment Promotion and with support from the International Labour Organization (ILO); (ii) preparation of a due diligence handbook focused on the LGBTIQ+ population, the final version of which is currently at the layout stage;

•Regarding legislative and policy measures, one noteworthy development was the adoption of guidelines for the management of national and international cooperation instruments for the provision of police services.

8.With reference to paragraph 5, the State, in view of the risks posed by the effects of climate change, adopted the National Climate Change Adaptation Plan, which sets out clear priorities focused on reducing exposure and vulnerability and increasing adaptive capacity in response to the hazards associated with climate change, in addition to providing for the full use of opportunities for improvement.

9.Concerning the question posed in paragraph 5 (a), during the drafting of the Adaptation Plan, the hazards and potential impacts of climate change in the different thematic areas identified as priorities and for the most vulnerable communities were analysed from a social equity perspective.

10.Concerning the question posed in paragraph 5 (b), the State has implemented a national adaptation plan, as mentioned in paragraph 8, and has identified a set of budget programmes related to its objectives, such as programme 0144, programme 0068, programme 0042, programme 0130 and programme 094.

11.With regard to the issue raised in paragraph 5 (c), the Office of the President of the Council of Ministers has provided for budget programme 0068, “Vulnerability reduction and emergency response to disasters”, created by Emergency Decree No. 024-2010, to protect the population from geological and meteorological disasters and those caused by landslides.

12.Budget programme 0068 implements outputs aimed at processes of disaster risk management such as risk assessment, prevention and reduction, as well as preparedness for disaster response. It includes seven outputs through which goods and services are provided to the beneficiary population. In 2022 this programme had a budgetary allocation of S/. 2,186,000; this figure was increased to S/. 3,902,000 in 2023 and amounts to S/. 3,625,000 for 2024.

13.Concerning the issues raised in paragraph 5 (d), with regard to coordination among the institutions responsible for disaster preparedness and management, the State has implemented the National Disaster Risk Management System, which develops emergency and disaster preparedness and response processes.

14.Currently, the National Civil Defence Institute and the Ministry of the Environment are implementing the National Disaster Risk Management Policy up to 2050. Noteworthy features of this policy include: (i) priority objective 3, aimed at “improving the coordinated implementation of disaster risk management in the territory”, and (ii) the National Disaster Risk Management Plan 2022–2030, which includes a key strategic action to coordinate disaster risk management with climate change adaptation, namely multisectoral operational activity 3.5.1: Develop instruments and mechanisms to improve coordination between the two approaches (disaster risk management and climate change adaptation) at the three levels of government (national, regional and local).

15.With reference to paragraph 6, the State has sought to address social exclusion by adopting a National Policy for Development and Social Inclusion, which has five priority objectives to ensure social inclusion and provides for the implementation of 81 actions by 14 ministries. In addition, under the eighty-fourth final complementary provision of Act No. 30114, the Public Sector Budget Act for the fiscal year 2014, the Stimulus Fund for Performance and Achievement of Social Results was established to promote the achievement of the results pursued by the National Policy for Development and Social Inclusion. The resources allocated to the Fund have gradually increased over the amount allocated in 2021, as shown below.

Year	Amount allocated (S/.)
2021	57 000 000
2022	95 000 000
2023	75 000 000
2024	101 000 000

16.In relation to the issues raised in paragraph 7, Act No. 26300, the Act on the Rights of Citizen Participation and Oversight, provides that one of the rights of citizen participation is the right to propose the development of laws. In addition, some sectors have established procedures for promoting citizen participation in the development of draft legislation.

•The Ministry of the Environment, through the Regulations on Transparency, Access to Environmental Public Information and Citizen Participation and Consultation in Environmental Matters, has made provision for the receipt of opinions from civil society for the adoption of regulations in this sector;

•In 2022, the National Sanitation Services Authority amended the General Regulations on Charges for Sanitation Services by Utility Companies, approving the addition of annex XIV, which establishes guidelines for public consultation on the development of the Optimized Master Plan. For its implementation, the Authority provided technical assistance to 17 utility companies in 2023 for the preparation of their public consultation plans, as a result of which 10 public consultation plans were adopted in 2023 and 2024, with the dissemination of the corresponding studies on utility charges;

•The Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in the framework of the Intersectoral Working Group for Migration Management, maintains ongoing communication with the coordinating bodies of international cooperation agencies and of civil society institutions. Interaction with civil society takes place at plenary meetings of the Working Group, which are held on a monthly basis;

•In 2020 the National Sanitation Services Authority launched the “Take part, neighbour!” programme, which promotes the participation of users in talks and micro-hearings to address problems affecting them through voluntary and consensus-based agreements with their sanitation service provider and other stakeholders. Under this programme, 3,452 activities have been carried out with the participation of campesino or Indigenous communities represented by 1,739 people, including community leaders and representatives (of whom 47 per cent were men and 53 per cent were women).

II.Issues relating to the general provisions of the Covenant (arts. 1–5)

Right to freely dispose of natural wealth and resources (art. 1 (2))

17.With reference to paragraph 8, the fundamental right to prior consultation is regulated by law in Act No. 29785, the Act on the Right of Indigenous Peoples to Prior Consultation recognized in ILO Convention No. 169, and its implementing regulations, which were adopted by Supreme Decree No. 0001-2012-MC setting out the time frames and procedures for the participation of Indigenous Peoples.

18.In addition, under the above-mentioned legal framework, the right to prior consultation includes the right of Indigenous Peoples to prior consultation on legislative or administrative measures that directly affect their collective rights or their physical existence, cultural identity, quality of life or development.

19.The Constitutional Court, in its judgment No. 310/2023 of 28 June 2023, specified that the ILO Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989 (No. 169) is a source of domestic law under article 55 of the Constitution and applies on a mandatory basis to all State entities, and that prior consultation is a right whose protection may be sought through amparo proceedings.

Maximum available resources (art. 2 (1))

20.Concerning the question posed in paragraph 9 (a), the national household survey is used to gauge the population’s level of well-being in relation to a minimum basket of food and non-food items (clothing and footwear, rental housing and fuel, furniture and household goods, healthcare, transportation and communications, entertainment and culture, and other services).

21.The following information has been collected through the national household survey regarding the population living in monetary poverty.

Table 1: Peru

Population living in monetary poverty, by area of residence, 2013–2023

(Percentage of total population)

Area of residence	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
Total	23.9	22.7	21.8	20.7	21.7	20.5	20.2	30.1	25.9	27.5	29.0
Urban	16.1	15.3	14.5	13.9	15.1	14.4	14.6	26.0	22.3	24.1	26.4
Rural	48.0	46.0	45.2	43.8	44.4	42.1	40.8	45.7	39.7	41.1	39.8

Source: National Institute of Statistics and Information Management, national household survey .

22.With regard to the question posed in paragraph 9 (b), the National Institute of Statistics and Information Management uses the Gini coefficient to monitor levels of inequality. This coefficient ranges from 0 to 1, where 0 means perfect equality and 1 represents maximum inequality. This is shown in the following table.

Peru: Gini coefficient of income, by area, scope and domain, 2014–2023

Area Domain	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023
E stimator	Coeff. of variation
National	0.436	0.435	0.437	0.433	0.424	0.416	0.449	0.409	0.413	0.411	1.0
Area of residence
Urban	0.401	0.401	0.402	0.399	0.394	0.388	0.438	0.394	0.400	0.399	1.2
Rural	0.413	0.413	0.408	0.404	0.392	0.393	0.400	0.394	0.381	0.387	1.2
Geographical scope
Metropolitan Lima and Const. Prov. of Callao	0.402	0.404	0.406	0.404	0.400	0.399	0.461	0.412	0.412	0.407	2.2
Other urban	0.393	0.390	0.388	0.385	0.381	0.372	0.419	0.379	0.391	0.391	1.2
Rural	0.413	0.413	0.408	0.404	0.392	0.393	0.400	0.394	0.381	0.387	1.3
Domain
Coastal urban	0.361	0.366	0.357	0.360	0.347	0.337	0.387	0.352	0.360	0.359	1.6
Coastal rural	0.417	0.388	0.400	0.382	0.375	0.349	0.383	0.395	0.382	0.353	3.3
Highland urban	0.415	0.399	0.411	0.403	0.406	0.400	0.457	0.403	0.413	0.417	2.1
Highland rural	0.405	0.406	0.394	0.392	0.380	0.390	0.399	0.388	0.369	0.378	1.6
Rain-forest urban	0.421	0.424	0.413	0.410	0.410	0.395	0.411	0.393	0.420	0.406	2.2
Rain-forest rural	0.406	0.427	0.429	0.414	0.406	0.392	0.386	0.384	0.389	0.414	3.1
Metropolitan Lima and Const. Prov. of Callao	0.402	0.404	0.406	0.404	0.400	0.399	0.461	0.412	0.412	0.407	1.9

Source: National Institute of Statistics and Information Management, national household survey .

23.Concerning the issues raised in paragraph 9 (c), in 2020, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic had a strong impact on the economy, causing GDP to shrink by 10.9 per cent. The year 2021 saw a remarkable recovery, with a growth rate of 13.4 per cent, driven by the easing of sanitary restrictions as vaccination levels rose, the resumption of productive activities and the stimulus provided by expansionary monetary and fiscal policies.

24.Growth slowed in 2022 to 2.7 per cent, and in 2023 the economy contracted by 0.6 per cent as a result of supply shocks such as weather anomalies (coastal El Niño). With these results, GDP per capita increased from US$ 6,900 in 2014 to US$ 7,900 in 2023.

25.The average government deficit rose in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2021 and 2022, emergency measures were gradually withdrawn and government revenues improved, reducing the fiscal deficit. These actions were accompanied by more active management of financial assets, as shown below:

Annex

Macroeconomic data

	GDP (Real % var.)	GDP per capita (thousands of US$)	Public debt (% GDP)
2014	2.4	6.9	19.8
2015	3.3	6.4	23.2
2016	4.0	6.5	23.6
2017	2.5	7.0	24.6
2018	4.0	7.2	25.5
2019	2.2	7.3	26.5
2020	-10.9	6.3	34.5
2021	13.4	6.9	35.8
2022	2.7	7.3	33.9
2023	-0.6	7.9	32.9

Source: National Institute of Statistics and Information Management and Central Reserve Bank of Peru .

26.In relation to paragraph 10 (d), in 2021 and 2023 the Ministry of Development and Social Inclusion, together with the Ministry of Agricultural Development and Irrigation, prepared an assessment of food security in the context of the COVID-19 emergency to determine the level of food insecurity in Peruvian households.

27.In view of the results of this study, the Multisectoral Commission on Food and Nutrition Security has begun preparing the National Food and Nutrition Security Policy with the aim of ensuring that, “by 2050, moderate and severe food insecurity will have been reduced by 16 per cent, thus reducing the prevalence of diseases associated with malnutrition, anaemia, overweight and obesity”.

28.Regarding the issue raised in paragraph 10 (e), in the last quarter of 2021 the national programme “Together” adopted a new subsidy and differentiated transfer scheme comprising: (i) the “additional transfer for early childhood” of S/. 50 per month if all children under 3 years of age and pregnant women in the household attend scheduled appointments with services included in the integrated health package, and (ii) in order to promote achievement in secondary education, two “additional transfers for secondary school”, with an initial transfer of S/. 50 per month per student in the household if the student enrols on time, has an attendance rate of at least 90 per cent and successfully completes the grade level in lower secondary school and a second transfer of S/. 80 per month per student in the household if the student enrols on time, has an attendance rate of at least 90 per cent and successfully completes the grade level in upper secondary school.

29.Lastly, as of the third two-month period of 2024, 745,818 households were receiving the basic transfer, 111,624 were receiving the additional transfer for early childhood and 12,464 students in the third, fourth and fifth years of secondary school were receiving the additional transfer for secondary school.

30.Concerning the question posed in paragraph 10 (f), the aim of the National Policy for Development and Social Inclusion up to 2030 is to reduce the social exclusion that leads to poverty at different stages of the life cycle. Within this framework, the measures taken for children and adolescents, as described in the preceding paragraph, have been implemented through the additional transfer for early childhood and the additional transfer for secondary school.

31.With reference to paragraph 11, the State has implemented a set of measures for receiving and investigating allegations of corruption and protecting whistle-blowers.

32.In January 2022, the Income Tax Act was amended by Legislative Decree No. 1522, which expressly provides that bribery payments of any kind are not deductible as a cost or expense for purposes of determining income tax liability.

33.The Centralized Digital Platform for Citizen Complaints has been rolled out in 378 State entities. There has been an increase in the number of complaints of acts of corruption, as shown below.

	2021	2022	2023	2024 (July)
Number of complaints received (Centralized Digital Platform)	5 477	10 470	16 631	12 719

34.Regarding the protection of persons who reported acts of corruption during the period under review (December 2021 to August 2024), the relevant instruments in force are Legislative Decree No. 1327 and the implementing regulations contained in Supreme Decree No. 010-2017-JUS, which enabled the authorities to set up institutional integrity offices in charge of issuing protection measures in respect of complaints about forms of conduct or facts that amount to abuse of public power by a civil servant or bidder within a State entity. The following protection measures have been granted.

Type of protection measure	2021	2022	2023	2024 (June)
Workplace protection measures	1 143	2 215	2 430	681
Bidder protection measures	13	49	259	325

Non-discrimination (art. 2 (2))

35.With reference to paragraph 12, the Peruvian Government has undertaken intersectoral measures to promote the reform of the regulatory framework on equality and non-discrimination in the different State entities.

36.Under Supreme Decree No. 015-2013-JUS, the National Anti-Discrimination Committee was established in order to contribute to the effective enjoyment of the rights to equality and non-discrimination. In this context, work is under way on the implementation of a virtual platform for reporting cases of discrimination nationwide, which will serve as a more effective means of transferring complaints of discrimination to the appropriate entities.

37.In December 2021, the judiciary, through its Standing Committee on Access to Justice for Vulnerable Persons and Justice in Your Community, led the development of a handbook for judicial officials on access to justice for refugees and migrants in Peru from the perspective of international human rights protection standards.

38.In addition, in 2022 the National Sanitation Services Authority launched a bilingual intercultural customer service, available via telephone and Internet, to reach Quechua-speaking users nationwide in relation to their rights and duties concerning sanitation services.

Equal rights of men and women (art. 3)

39.Concerning the issue raised in paragraph 13 (a), the State has been implementing the National Gender Equality Policy, goal 4 of which is to “guarantee the exercise of women’s economic and social rights” through a set of prioritized public services, as detailed below.

Services enhancing women’s access to economic activities

Service under the National Gender Equality Policy	Results 2021–2023
Advanced technical and productive training of women in traditionally male-dominated and/or better-paid fields	The number of students in technical and productive training and higher education in technology rose to 2,124,111, of whom 61 per cent were female and 39 per cent were male. In 2021, there were 8,463 female (34 per cent) and 16,354 male (66 per cent) students in male-dominated fields. In 2023, there were 9,132 female (22 per cent) and 33,311 male (76 per cent) students in these fields. The numbers of students who obtained advanced degrees in technological fields were: (i) in 2021: 25,167 women and 20,371 men, (ii) in 2022: 37,759 women and 25,928 men, and (iii) in 2023: 26,131 women and 20,237 men.
Advanced technical training in non-traditional areas (construction) for women	The total number of students in the period 2021–2023 was 404,081, of whom 26 per cent were women (104,155) and 74 per cent were men (299,926), taking into account that construction is considered a highly male-dominated economic sector.

National Gender Equality Policy services contributing to the development of women’s employability

Service under the National Gender Equality Policy	Results 2021–2023
Skill certification for the documented recognition of the work experience of women who have mastered a trade	This service is aimed at persons living in poverty, extreme poverty and socio-labour vulnerability and provides them with documented recognition of their work experience in mastering a trade. The total number of beneficiaries was 2,684, of whom 49 per cent were women (1,303) and 51 per cent were men (1,381).
Training and technical assistance for improving women’s employability and labour-market integration	This service is carried out through the job banks run by the employment centres of the Ministry of Labour and Employment Promotion at the national level. Of the total number of beneficiaries, 43 per cent were women (70,616) and 57 per cent were men (94,893).
Training and technical assistance in business management and productivity with technological innovation and in the internationalization of companies, aimed at women	The service’s target population is defined in accordance with the institutional objectives of the entities responsible for it: the Ministry of Agricultural Development and Irrigation provides the service to family farmers.

40.Regarding the question posed in paragraph 13 (b), the female public officials currently in office include 2 regional governors, 22 deputy regional governors, 97 regional councillors, 9 provincial mayors, 99 district mayors, 793 provincial councillors and 4,354 district councillors.

41.The Ministry for Women and Vulnerable Groups has accordingly been implementing the “Governing Together” multisectoral strategy to provide management tools to women elected to office throughout the national territory. The activities carried out to date include: (i) 13 dialogue and training forums for women authorities, held in coordination with the Office of the President of the Council of Ministers, the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Finance, the Office of the Comptroller General of the Republic, the State Procurement Authority and various public and private institutions; and (ii) three meetings that brought together 415 women authorities of regional, provincial and local governments, including authorities of population centres.

42.In addition, the Peruvian National Police has 1 currently serving general and 257 currently serving colonels who are women.

43.Concerning the issues raised in paragraph 13 (c), the Ministry for Women and Vulnerable Groups has used a variety of strategies to implement concrete measures to combat femicide and the disappearance of women and girls.

44.Regarding femicide, this year a working group was established to strengthen the response by women’s emergency centres to cases of femicide and attempted femicide, with the aim of drawing up proposed guidelines for follow-up, support and coordination in cases of femicide and attempted femicide dealt with at the centres.

45.Regarding the disappearance of children and adolescents, in June 2023 the authorities officially launched a media campaign on prevention called “Find yourself”, which is intended to highlight situations of risk prior to disappearance that adolescent girls or women may experience in Peru. Through the campaign “It’s My Problem Too”, 14,187 secondary-school students were made aware of the situations of risk that may be a prelude to disappearance.

46.In relation to the question posed in paragraph 13 (d), the Ministry for Women and Vulnerable Groups has delivered a course called “Change agents for equality”, aimed at managers, civil servants of the public administration and workers at State enterprises. The course comprises 24 academic hours and is delivered in asynchronous e-learning format (self-guided learning), as a distance training initiative. In the period from February 2023 to August 2024, 9,269 public sector professionals were trained, of whom 57 per cent were women (5,329) and 43 per cent were men (3,940).

47.In addition, a workshop on the gender perspective in decision-making in the public administration was held for officials of public administrative entities at the three levels of government, with a duration of no fewer than 12 academic hours, to provide training on: (i) the importance of incorporating a gender perspective into public actions to reduce tolerance of gender inequity; and (ii) actions for incorporating the gender perspective into public administration. The course reached 5,210 direct beneficiaries, consisting of both female and male public officials.

48.Concerning the question posed in paragraph 13 (e), the Ministry of Agricultural Development and Irrigation has implemented financing services for women who lead enterprises and businesses in a sustainable and effective manner, with a specific focus on rural and Indigenous women through the Entrepreneurship Strategy for Rural and Indigenous Women. The Strategy has benefited 7,487 women members of organizations, granting credits in the amount of S/. 58,333,000, which represented 57 per cent of the total agricultural credits granted by the Ministry.

49.The authorities have also promoted the implementation of the National Strategy for Women Entrepreneurs, strengthening the capacities of 356 rural and Indigenous women producers to achieve financial independence and shared responsibility for caregiving.

50.In relation to paragraph 13 (f), on the implementation of policies, programmes and services for the prevention of gender-based discrimination, the Ministry for Women and Vulnerable Groups has three operational bodies: (i) the Directorate General for Gender Equality and Non-Discrimination, (ii) the Directorate General for the Promotion and Development of Women’s Economic Autonomy and (iii) the Directorate General to Combat Gender-based Violence. The following budgetary allocations have been made to these bodies.

Operational body	Approved budget (S/.)
2021	2022	2023	2024
Directorate General for Gender Equality and Non-Discrimination	2 891 325	3 141 516	3 835 204	4 817 091
Directorate General to Combat Gender-based Violence	4 962 496	7 110 797	6 166 568	4 410 830
Directorate General for the Promotion and Development of Women’s Economic Autonomy	0	0	0	5 789 982

51.The Results-based Budget Programme for the Reduction of Violence against Women was created in 2019. This is a technical budget management instrument whose execution and coordination are the responsibility of the Ministry for Women and Vulnerable Groups, which ensures joint action for its implementation.

52.The Programme is aimed at the achievement of 12 outcomes, 24 outputs and 77 services geared towards reducing the prevalence of physical, sexual and psychological violence in intimate partner relationships, intimate partner femicide, sexual violence against girls, adolescents and women outside intimate partner relationships and sexual harassment. During the period from 2021 to 2024, a total of S/. 1,841,649,706 was allocated at the national, regional and local government levels for its implementation. As of August 2024, S/. 1,787,134,959 had been executed, of which 97 per cent corresponds to the national Government, 2.5 per cent to regional governments and 0.5 per cent to local governments.

III.Issues relating to the specific provisions of the Covenant (arts. 6–15)

Right to work (art. 6)

53.Concerning the issues raised in paragraph 14 (a), various activities were carried out by the entities involved in implementing the Third National Plan to Combat Forced Labour 2019–2022 and strengthening the National Commission against Forced Labour.

54.In 2021, under the Third National Plan, the Public Prosecution Service issued the Protocol of the Public Prosecution Service for prosecutorial action in the prevention, investigation and punishment of cases of forced labour to optimize the investigation of criminal offences of this type. Also in 2021, the regulations pertaining to Act No. 31330 were adopted. They provide that the implementation of public policies to prevent and eradicate forced labour is a matter of national interest.

55.In 2021, the National Observatory on Forced Labour was created to collect information on prevention, detection, the care and reintegration of victims, punishment of the offence and the administrative offence of forced labour. In 2022, the ILO Protocol of 2014 to the Forced Labour Convention, 1930 (No. 29) entered into force for Peru.

56.Regarding the question posed in paragraph 14 (b), the Ministry of Labour and Employment Promotion, by Ministerial Decision No. 239-2021-TR, amended Ministerial Decision No. 105-2015-TR approving General Directive No. 001-2015-MTPE/3/17, “Guidelines for the implementation and provision of disability-sensitive employment services”. Components, strategies and methodologies have been included to adapt services to the needs and characteristics of persons with disabilities in relation to the job bank service, business outreach, job search counselling and labour market information.

57.Concerning the issues raised in paragraph 14 (c), the following measures have been taken to promote the labour rights of workers in the informal sector, refugees and migrants.

58.In 2024, the Directorate of Social Security and Labour Migration of the Ministry of Labour and Employment Promotion delivered training to 769 people on the topic of labour migration, with special reference to issues related to the prevention of discrimination in the workplace, the labour inclusion of migrants and refugees, labour migration and social security agreements.

59.In the same period, the Directorate provided technical assistance to regional government employees and officials on the Migrant Guidance Service, having trained 102 officials of regional administrative labour authorities on the Service.

Right to just and favourable conditions of work (art. 7)

60.With reference to paragraph 15 (a), the Ministry of Labour and Employment Promotion is responsible for implementing national labour policies through its Directorate of Training for Employment. Since 2020, this Directorate has implemented the CAPACÍTA-T (Get Trained) platform with a view to strengthening the labour skills of the country’s workforce and enhancing employability through training curricula, courses and job training resources that are free of charge and aligned with labour demand.

61.It should be noted that the platform includes courses designed by the Ministry of Labour and Employment Promotion and in partnership with private institutions. To date, 14,325 training certificates have been issued. In 2023, in partnership with the Romero Foundation, the Silver Generation Scholarship was introduced, through which 20 training courses are offered to people over 50 years of age.

62.Regarding the issues raised in paragraph 15 (c), the national household survey for 2021–2023 showed that the number of workers in the informal sector fell from 10,685,696 in 2021 to 10,434,246 in 2023. However, the composition by age group remained unchanged over this period, with most of this population consisting of adults between 30 and 44 years of age (33 per cent) and young people (72 per cent). Moreover, 56 per cent of informal-sector workers are men.

63.The Ministry of Labour and Employment Promotion, as one of its labour formalization strategies, created the Integrated Centre for Formalizing Peru to promote and facilitate workers’ entry into and retention in the formal labour market by providing access to guidance, training and technical assistance services in matters related to labour formalization. Currently, there are 32 Integrated Centre offices in 25 regions and 1 office in Metropolitan Lima. In the period from 2021 to August 2024, these offices provided: (i) guidance on the formalization process and its benefits to 133,272 people, (ii) technical assistance in labour formalization to 18,061 people and (iii) training in matters related to labour formalization to 197,802 people.

64.Concerning the question posed in paragraph 15 (d) regarding compensatory time off, the Peruvian Constitution establishes that workers are entitled to paid weekly and annual periods of rest; the enjoyment of and compensation for such rest periods are regulated by law or by agreement. In this regard, the legislation on paid time off for workers who are subject to private sector labour rules states that every worker is entitled to 24 consecutive hours of rest per workweek, to be granted preferably on Sundays.

65.The same legislation establishes that any employee who works on his or her day off without replacing it with another day off in the same week is entitled to the payment of the corresponding remuneration for the day of work performed plus an additional 100 per cent. These provisions show that the current labour laws of Peru recognize workers’ right to mandatory weekly periods of rest and have laid down the obligations that employers must meet if an alternative day of rest is not granted, thus complying with international human rights standards.

66.In relation to paragraph 15 (e), the Ministry of Labour and Employment Promotion has been providing a vocational guidance and occupational information service to promote the development of educational or training plans for individuals, using guidance and information mechanisms that increase the relevance of their choices, thus improving their chances of entering the labour market.

67.Along these lines, in December 2023 the “My Career” platform was launched to help young people, especially students, to make decisions about their professional future. To this end, it presents information on the labour market and training opportunities so that young people can make informed decisions about their higher education based on market conditions (salaries) and their personal and professional expectations. To date, there have been 153,216 users with 1,212,271 interactions.

68.Regarding the question posed in paragraph 15 (f), the National Labour Inspection Authority has strengthened the capacities of public servants in the labour inspection system (assistant inspectors, labour inspectors, supervisory inspectors) by carrying out a total of 38 training initiatives in which trainees participated a total of 1,691 times, as shown below.

Year	Initiatives	Participants
2022	14	515
2023	20	994
2024	4	182

69.In relation to paragraph 15 (g), the Ministry of Health reports that the following measures were taken in respect of health personnel in the country under Act No. 31091 and the Updated National COVID-19 Vaccination Plan:

•In December 2021, a total of 29,206 doses of COVID-19 vaccine were administered, of which 65.8 per cent were given to female health personnel and 34.2 per cent to male health personnel;

•In 2022, a total of 258,955 doses of COVID-19 vaccine were administered, of which 65.3 per cent were given to female health personnel and 34.7 per cent to male health personnel;

•In 2023, a total of 160,692 doses of COVID-19 vaccine were administered, of which 65.6 per cent were given to female health personnel and 34.4 per cent to male health personnel;

•Between January and August 2024, 32,731 doses of COVID-19 vaccine were administered, of which 69.3 per cent were given to female health personnel and 30.7 per cent to male health personnel.

Protection of the family and children (art. 10)

70.With reference to paragraph 18, the steps taken by the Peruvian Government to implement the National Care System have consisted primarily of: (i) advocacy for the creation of the National Care System and (ii) implementation of the “Communities of Care” pilot project:

•On the first point, in April 2022 the Ministry for Women and Vulnerable Groups established a sectoral working group to formulate a proposal on the creation of the National Care System with a gender and human rights approach. The working group’s mandate included the adoption of a workplan and a road map for the creation of the National Care System;

•Subsequently, the Ministry for Women and Vulnerable Groups formed a working group on the coordination of sectoral care interventions for the purpose of coordinating such interventions, including the components of care for children and adolescents, for older persons and for persons with disabilities, while strengthening the Ministry’s cross-sectoral role in this area;

•Regarding the second point, in 2023 the project “Communities of Care: promoting equality and shared responsibility among citizens” was carried out, with an implementation period running from March 2023 to December 2024 and a geographical scope encompassing the districts of Comas and Villa el Salvador in Metropolitan Lima and the Province of Tambopata in the region of Madre de Dios. The project is financed by the Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation.

Right to an adequate standard of living (art. 11)

71.With reference to paragraph 19, the Directorate for Displaced Persons and a Culture of Peace of the Ministry for Women and Vulnerable Groups is responsible for prevention, protection and multisectoral services for the internally displaced population. As part of its mandate, it has carried out: (i) technical assistance initiatives for local governments, mainly in the Apurímac, Ene and Mantaro river valleys, to prevent acts of violence, (ii) follow-up and advisory services for associations of displaced persons to ensure their access to reparation programmes and social programmes, as victims of forced displacement during the period 1980–2000, and (iii) continuous updating of the National Register of Internally Displaced Persons.

72.In addition, Act No. 29869, the Act on Population Resettlement for Areas of Very High and Unmitigable Risk, is in force, along with its implementing regulations, adopted by Supreme Decree No. 142-2021-PCM of 23 July 2021. These provisions lay down measures and procedures to ensure that population resettlement processes have the necessary technical and legal support.

73.In relation to paragraph 21, to address the high risk of natural disasters, the authorities issued Supreme Decree No. 101-2023-PCM of 2 September 2023 approving a multisectoral plan for responding to the El Niño phenomenon in 2023 and 2024, under which the National Civil Defence Institute, in coordination with the current Secretariat for Disaster Risk Management of the Office of the Deputy Minister of Territorial Governance of the Office of the President of the Council of Ministers, has followed up on the actions taken under the plan. In terms of the plan’s budget, the budget execution level has reached S/. 1.9 million (73.5 per cent).

74.Concerning the question posed in paragraph 22 (a), the Ministry of Development and Social Inclusion reports that, two years after the launch of the additional transfer for early childhood under the national programme “Together”, a United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) impact assessment shows that the transfer helped to reduce chronic malnutrition by 6.5 percentage points among 12-month-old children participating in the “Together” programme. Regarding health services related to anaemia, this additional transfer resulted in a 5.1-percentage-point increase in the coverage of iron supplementation and a 5.8‑percentage-point increase in the coverage of anaemia screening for 6-month-old children participating in the programme.

75.In relation to paragraph 22 (c), by Ministerial Decision No. 013-2021-MIDIS of 19 January 2021, the Government created the Zero Hunger Temporary Intervention to help reduce food security gaps in a targeted, differentiated and gradual manner, for the benefit of urban and rural populations in situations of vulnerability as a result of the spread of COVID‑19. The initiative had three components: (i) productive development; (ii) food support; and (iii) territorial coordination.

76.Within this framework, the Ministry of Development and Social Inclusion provided technical assistance for the implementation of the territorial coordination component in the prioritized regions (Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Loreto, La Libertad, Callao, Metropolitan Lima, Huancavelica) and provinces (Huanta, Huancavelica, Maynas, Callao, Pataz). Of these, four regions and five provinces completed the preparation of their zero hunger territorial agendas.

77.With reference to paragraph 22 (d), the Ministry of Development and Social Inclusion implements the Cuna Más national childcare programme, whose services are targeted and are therefore implemented in districts that meet the criteria adopted by Ministerial Decision No. 162-2021-MIDIS.

78.For 2024, the Cuna Más programme worked on expanding the coverage of its day‑care service, with the goal of covering an additional 6,960 children between the ages of 6 and 36 months nationwide, in addition to the target of 60,427 set for the previous year. Accordingly, the programme recorded the following advances in the period from 2021 to 2024:

•In 2021, the programme served 60,374 users (29,093 girls and 31,281 boys) in its day-care service and 115,967 families (53,895 girls, 55,904 boys and 7,515 pregnant women) in its family support service, reaching a coverage level of 21.42 per cent;

•In 2022, the programme served 59,690 users (29,153 girls and 30,537 boys) in its day‑care service and 115,837 families (53,021 girls, 55,159 boys and 8,444 pregnant women) in its family support service, reaching a coverage level of 20.29 per cent;

•In 2023, the programme served 60,371 users (29,153 girls and 30,537 boys) in its day‑care service and 115,916 families (53,912 girls, 55,700 boys and 7,157 pregnant women) in its family support service, reaching a coverage level of 21.91 per cent;

•In the period from January to July 2024, the programme served 59,907 users (29,153 girls and 30,537 boys) in its day-care service and 225,460 families (101,961 girls, 104,720 boys and 20,613 pregnant women) in its family support service, reaching a coverage level of 32.77 per cent.

79.During the health emergency caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the Cuna Más programme adapted the provision of its services in compliance with the steps taken to prevent the spread of the coronavirus by limiting face-to-face contact. It therefore implemented family support services remotely, for the purpose of contributing to the cognitive, motor, communicative and socio-emotional development of child users of the family support service and the day-care service, through the following actions:

•Strengthening healthy childcare practices and learning through telephone counselling and text messages from community actors (mothers providing care or guidance, providers of family guidance and facilitators);

•Strengthening families’ resources to promote family well-being by caring for the mental health of children under 36 months of age and preventing violence;

•Following up on: (i) the integrated package of care services for pregnant women or the integrated package of prioritized services for children, as appropriate; (ii) beneficiary families in relation to illnesses, accidents in the home, disasters or other events affecting their health or integrity, as well as suspected or confirmed cases of COVID-19.

80.Likewise, in order to generate better conditions for early childhood development, hygiene kits and baskets of food for home preparation were delivered.

Right to physical and mental health (art. 12)

81.With reference to paragraph 23, during the reporting period, a total of 2,126,072 people nationwide who self-identify as belonging to an Indigenous People or as being Afro-Peruvian received services in Ministry of Health facilities.

82.Pursuant to an administrative directive for the adaptation of health services with cultural relevance at the primary care level, between December 2021 and August 2024, a total of 65 health facilities in 13 departments nationwide implemented the intercultural approach in their care services, with the Department of San Martín having the highest number of facilities (23 per cent) rated as providing “culturally relevant” services. The application of this approach has benefited 190,675 people belonging to the Shipibo-Konibo, Matsigenka, Awajún, Wampis, Quechua, Kichwa, Kukama, Afro-Peruvian, Aymawa, Asháninka, Asheninka, Yine, Katacataibo, Shipibo, Ese Eja and Aymara ethnic groups.

83.It should be added that between 2022 and 2024, 44 remote training courses on comprehensive care with cultural relevance were delivered to health personnel working with Indigenous Peoples and Afro-Peruvians. These courses reached a total of 16,125 health professionals nationwide.

84.Furthermore, in the period 2022–2024, the authorities implemented the 2022–2026 plan for providing comprehensive intercultural healthcare and monitoring exposure to heavy metals and hydrocarbons in the Pastaza, Corrientes, Tigre, Marañón and Chambira river basins to improve the health and quality of life of the people living around the prioritized areas. Between 2022 and 2024, mobile health teams, which include the participation of personnel from the Ministry of Health, the Comprehensive Health Insurance System, the National Registry Office and social programmes of the Ministry of Development and Social Inclusion, visited 1,272 Indigenous communities and provided care to 120,056 people.

85.In 2022, the authorities implemented a health intervention plan for the prevention and mitigation of COVID-19 in the Indigenous population, under which funding was provided for the transfer of 150 vaccination and comprehensive care teams to 1,500 Indigenous communities in the regions of Amazonas, Loreto, Ucayali, Junín, Cajamarca, Cusco, Huánuco, Pasco, Madre de Dios, San Martín and Ayacucho. In addition, health campaigns were carried out in coordination with the Itinerant Social Action Platforms programme and the regional health directorates of Loreto, Ucayali and Puno, through which 7,314 people were vaccinated against COVID-19.

86.In 2024, a plan on comprehensive healthcare and the strengthening of health services with an intercultural approach in areas inhabited by Indigenous Peoples was implemented, under which mobile health teams visited more than 370 Indigenous communities, providing a total of 86,000 care services in the 11 prioritized regions (Amazonas, Ayacucho, Cajamarca, Cusco, Huánuco, Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, Pasco, San Martín and Ucayali). The “Wings of Hope XI-2024” programme, an initiative of the Ministry of Health and the air force, was also implemented in the Departments of Ayacucho, Cajamarca and Ucayali; the health campaigns carried out under this programme reached 8,726 people.

87.In relation to paragraph 24, the Peruvian Government decided from the outset that the COVID-19 vaccination process would be “universal, free and progressive”. Its implementation throughout the country was thus based on the principle of equality and non-discrimination. Currently, the technical health standard on COVID-19 vaccination is in force; it was adopted in 2023 and updated in 2024, and determines the applicable provisions for safe, voluntary and free vaccination against COVID-19. Between December 2021 and August 2024, a reported total of 41,350,365 doses of COVID-19 vaccines were administered, of which 88.6 per cent were given to adults and 11.3 per cent to children and adolescents.

88.To ensure the availability of COVID-19 tests, the Ministry of Health reports that, as of August 2024, it had a stock of 82,277 tests nationwide, of which 78 per cent were in pharmacies and 22 per cent were in reserve warehouses. Regarding the availability of COVID-19 vaccines, the National Health Resources Supply Centre has a stock of 11,000 vaccines, of which 43 per cent are Pfizer and 57 per cent are Moderna.

89.Regarding measures to promote the dissemination of reliable information about the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ministry of Health has added information pages to its website that provide resources on COVID-19 prevention and vaccines. In addition, through the National Epidemiology Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, a COVID-19 epidemiology dashboard has been implemented. It provides weekly updates on the number of confirmed COVID-19 cases, deaths and hospitalizations in the country and maintains a historical record of variations in the incidence of the pandemic in Peru.

90.In relation to paragraph 25, on treatment and vaccination against monkeypox in Peru, in 2022 the Ministry of Health adopted two technical instruments on the subject: (i) the technical health standard on the prevention and management of monkeypox cases and (ii) the technical health standard on vaccination against the monkeypox virus.

91.As part of these measures, the Ministry of Health reports that, in 2024, nine virtual training sessions were held to provide updates to health personnel on the prevention and management of monkeypox cases. These activities reached 3,072 people. In addition, through the 81 urban mobile teams of the Directorate for the Prevention and Control of HIV/AIDS, Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Hepatitis, preventive actions have been carried out among the population.

92.Regarding progress in administering the vaccine, priority has been given to the vaccination of groups that are especially vulnerable to infection, such as people living with HIV, gay men, trans women and sex workers. From the start of the vaccination process in November 2022 up to August 2024, 13,863 doses of the vaccine were administered to persons in the target population.

93.Concerning the issues raised in paragraph 26 (a), between 2021 and August 2024, 91 community mental health centres were set up, in addition to the establishment and operation of 52 mental health inpatient units nationwide. Moreover, in 2022 and 2023, 38 new group homes were established.

94.The increase in mental healthcare services in recent years is due to the increase in the budget transferred to the regions for the implementation of initiatives to care for the mental health and emotional well-being of people directly or indirectly affected by COVID-19 in 2022 and for initiatives to meet the mental health needs and demands of the population affected by natural disasters in 2023. For 2024, budgetary resources have been specifically earmarked for the creation of 10 new community mental health centres in Metropolitan Lima and for the expansion of the supply of community mental health services in the regions of Ancash, Cusco, Ica, Junín, La Libertad and Loreto.

95.It should also be noted that, as part of the implementation of the sectoral policy guidelines on mental health, a technical handbook on comprehensive mental healthcare for child and adolescent victims of sexual violence was approved in 2023.

96.With reference to paragraph 27, it is currently estimated that there are 110,000 people living with HIV in Peru. The composition of the affected population and the incidence of the virus by region vary, but some 58 per cent of reported cases are in the regions of Lima and Callao.

97.In terms of prevention and detection, as of June 2024 the Ministry of Health had conducted 61,915 screenings in populations considered key or vulnerable to acquiring the infection (62.7 per cent of the screenings were administered to gay men, 4.7 per cent to trans women and 32.5 per cent to sex workers).

98.According to the Ministry of Health, in implementation of the technical health standard for the comprehensive care of adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, a total of 101,800 people living with HIV receive antiretroviral treatment, which represents coverage of approximately 93 per cent of the target population.

99.In relation to paragraph 28, the Directorate General for Gender Equality and Non-Discrimination of the Ministry for Women and Vulnerable Groups monitors prioritized services under the National Gender Equality Policy to prevent and punish obstetric violence. For the reporting period, the following information is worthy of note:

•The Ministry of Health already has a regulatory framework on the provision of sexual and reproductive health services. The regulatory framework in this regard includes the Constitution of Peru, the Act on the Prevention, Punishment and Eradication of Violence against Women and Family Members (Act No. 30364) and its regulations, the Act on the Rights of Health Service Users (Act No. 29414) and its regulations, and the protocols governing the care of victims of violence in Ministry of Health facilities;

•The institutional standards of the Ministry of Health include: national guidelines on comprehensive sexual and reproductive healthcare, adopted by Ministerial Decision No. 668-2004/MINSA; the technical health standard on the mainstreaming of the human rights, gender equity and intercultural approaches in healthcare, adopted by Ministerial Decision No. 638-2006/MINSA; and the technical handbook on the comprehensive care of persons affected by gender-based violence, approved by Ministerial Decision No. 141 2007/MINSA;

•In 2022, timely, culturally relevant, quality family planning methods were provided at all health facilities nationwide, at all levels of care. The number of modern contraceptives distributed was 1,027,994 (8 per cent higher than the number recorded in 2021), of which 777,284 were distributed to women (75.6 per cent) and 250,710 to men (24.4 per cent);

•Also in 2022, the Ministry of Health distributed 3,124 emergency kits (24 per cent more than in 2021). Furthermore, coordination actions were carried out with regional governments to enable regional health teams to provide outreach on a new family planning method, the progestin-releasing intrauterine system, which has been added to the Ministry’s range of contraceptive methods for administration in 2023.

Right to education (arts. 13 and 14)

100.Concerning the question posed in paragraph 29 (a), the Ministry of Education has taken a series of measures, including the following:

•Regarding measures to remove obstacles to access to education at the primary school level, in 2022 technical assistance was provided for the development of educational materials for the “Learning at Home” online platform for cycles III, IV and V (grades 1 to 6), taking into account the principles and guidelines of universal design for learning;

•In addition, 44 resources adapted for students with disabilities were implemented to support learning achievement (16 in cycle III, 14 in cycle IV and 14 in cycle V);

•Regarding the strengthening of inclusive education, in 2022 the following activities were carried out: (i) a teaching workshop for directors of pedagogical management and specialists from regional education directorates and regional education offices, with 56 participants (target achieved), on the topic of inclusion and appreciation of diversity; (ii) technical assistance on educational materials for specialists and managers of the local education management unit in Yungay, with 156 participants in room 1 and 168 in room 2 (target achieved), on the topic of inclusion and appreciation of diversity;

•In 2023, the following activities were carried out: (i) a coordinated workshop on inclusive education for specialists in the region, with 73 specialists (target achieved), on the topic of promoting inclusive education in regular basic education; (ii) a coordinated workshop on inclusive education for specialists from the local education management unit in Tambogrande, with 63 participants (target achieved), on the topic of promoting inclusive education in regular basic education; (iii) coordinated technical assistance (Ancash office) for specialists in the Ancash region, with 40 participants (target achieved), on the topic of promoting inclusive education;

•At the secondary education level, in 2022, in the framework of the national basic education curriculum and Supreme Decree No. 007-2021, the Directorate of Secondary Education prepared and published guidance documents for the development and evaluation of skills in each area of the secondary-school curriculum. These documents contain, in point 2.2, guidelines on taking diversity into account to eliminate barriers to learning.

101.In relation to paragraph 29 (b), the Ministry of Education has taken the following measures to promote inclusion in schools and to address bullying:

•In 2022, educational workshops for the development of socio-emotional skills were held to develop socio-emotional, communication, conflict management and conflict resolution skills. This service is aimed at students in the fifth and sixth grades of primary education in urban and rural areas. In 2022, 4,476 students took part in the workshop, while in 2023 the programme expanded its coverage and provided services to 31,273 students;

•In relation to paragraph 29 (c), in order to implement strategies to help schoolchildren to catch up on the learning that they missed during the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ministry of Education took the following measures:

•At the primary education level, in 2022 it evaluated a sample of the school population. The results of this evaluation show the reading and mathematical skills of students in the second, fourth and sixth grades of primary education;

•Educational support in the classroom: to date, these services have been provided to students in the second to sixth grades of primary education in all regions of the country;

•The National Educational Support Strategy for students in regular basic education provides for differentiated services and the promotion of equal learning opportunities to address learning gaps and the situation generated by the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as school closures in 2020 and 2021;

•For the secondary education level, the authorities have adopted provisions on the National Educational Support Strategy for students at the primary and secondary levels of regular basic education. Since 2022, the Directorate of Secondary Education has developed and published educational support worksheets, diagnostic evaluation tests and guidelines for the use of the educational support worksheets on mathematics and communication at all grades of secondary education in the regular basic education system.

102.Concerning the question posed in paragraph 29 (d), the Lima Drinking Water and Sewerage Service has carried out public works to close infrastructure gaps. During the reporting period it implemented four network expansion projects that enabled it to install 4,877 new household water connections and 4,720 sewerage connections.

103.The National Rural Sanitation Programme implemented 568 projects in rural areas, benefiting 261,741 rural residents with 78,191 new household water connections, 16,073 rehabilitated water connections, 90,234 new sewerage connections and 5,139 rehabilitated sewerage connections.

104.In relation to paragraph 29 (e), the Ministry of Education, pursuant to the Results-based Budget Programme for the Reduction of Violence against Women, issued Ministerial Decision No. 161-2022-MINEDU, which promotes the implementation of prioritized services such as the one on educational programmes in schools to prevent sexual violence against girls and boys in primary education.

105.The aim of this programme is to develop students’ self-care skills to prevent sexual violence and to contribute, through prevention, to the reduction of sexual violence against girls and boys. This service is aimed at students in the first to sixth grades of primary education in public schools in urban and rural areas, to whom four group training sessions and two follow-up sessions are delivered.

Cultural rights (art. 15)

106.With reference to paragraph 30, the State, through the Ministry of Culture, has launched the virtual course “Let’s Talk about Racism” to create a space for awareness-raising, learning and reflection on racism and discrimination. As of 2024, 3,040 people have enrolled in the course and 1,628 have already received certificates of completion.

107.In addition, activities are carried out to raise awareness and disseminate information to the general public, as well as technical assistance and/or training for public servants and officials. So far in 2024, the relevant Directorate has reached up to 9,660 people through 55 awareness-raising and information activities in public spaces.

108.With reference to paragraph 31, the State has adopted the Vocational Schools for Culture strategy to provide services for the certification of work skills that combine theoretical training with practical experience in real work situations, in specialties and trades related to the protection and preservation of cultural heritage for public use.

109.As part of the implementation of the National Culture Policy up to 2030, various digital communication services with cultural content have been offered, in particular: (i) the Cultura 24.tv webpage; (ii) the international cooperation platform Retina Latina, which offers a wide and diverse selection of Latin American films available without registration and with free access for citizens of Latin American and Caribbean countries; and (iii) the cultural website “GTN en vivo” (Grand National Theatre Live). According to the Ministry of Culture, between 2021 and August 2024, the contents of these platforms, along with other digital content on the work of national performers published on social media, reached a total of 25,332,431 plays.

Conclusions

110.During the reporting period, the Peruvian Government carried out a variety of actions to respect and ensure human rights, with emphasis on the international obligations arising from the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights.

111.In so doing, Peru has reaffirmed its commitment to the premises on which the adoption of the Covenant was based, the strengthening of democratic institutions and the principle of respecting and ensuring human rights.