Source: Texts related to the appointment of members, National Assembly and Ministry of Administration.

Table 1

Current number of women, by rank, in each branch of the defence and security forces

Category	Army	Air Force	Gendarmerie	Directorate-General of the State Institutions Security Service	National and Nomadic Guard of Chad	National Police
Generals	1	0	0	0	0	2
Senior officers	8, including 2 at the United Nations	1	2	4	5	35
Officers			7
Junior officers	82	7	5	1	6	214
Non-commissioned officers	323	19	171	16	37	174
Privates	112	Not available	121	Not available	Not available	722

Sources: Ministry of Public Security and Ministry of the Armed Forces and Veterans’ Affairs, 2024.

67.Among the 200 managers in the State and private media, 19 women are heads of service, 3 are managing directors and 1 is the head of a provincial station (source: High Authority for the Media and Broadcasting, 2024).

68.The Electoral Act has been amended. Today, the applicable law is Act No. 005/CNT/2024 of 24 February 2024, on the Electoral Code, in accordance with which at least 30 per cent of candidates for legislative, senate and local elections must be women. That quota has resulted in significant participation by women (as candidates, voters, observers, and members of electoral management mechanisms) in the 2024 elections in Chad.

69.In article 34 of the Constitution of the Fifth Republic, promulgated on 17 December 2023, the political participation of women is promoted through the provision that the State must strive for the political advancement of women by improving their representation in elected assemblies, institutions and public administrative bodies. That provision applies to all sectors.

70.Mass, local and media communications have been and continue to be disseminated to that end.

Women and peace and security

71.In general, the protection and strengthening of women’s leadership in processes related to peace and security, and the management of armed conflicts, has improved markedly at various levels in Chad.

72.It should be noted that:

•As soon as the Transitional Government was formed, the Ministry of Reconciliation and National Dialogue was established. The Ministry prepared and organized the inclusive and sovereign national dialogue from 20 August to 10 October 2022. It also prepared the negotiations with the politico-military groups and political exiles. Women participated in the Committee for the Organization of the Inclusive and Sovereign National Dialogue and the Committee on the Dialogue with the Politico-Military Groups. The number of women who participated, however, was very low, with only one woman present at the Doha negotiations.

•During the second phase of the transition, the Ministry of National Reconciliation and Social Cohesion was established, with a woman appointed as Secretary-General until the formation of the last Government, the Government of National Unity.

73.Successive meetings to improve the coordination of women’s action resulted in the establishment of a coordination mechanism for women’s effective participation in the inclusive and sovereign national dialogue, under the auspices of the Ministry of Women, the Family and the Protection of Early Childhood.

74.A gender expert was made available to the mechanism, which had a road map and resources for its operations. In that context, a monitoring unit, known as women’s headquarters, was established. As a result, 266 women, or 17 per cent of the 1,646 participants, took part in the national dialogue.

75.In addition, during the inclusive and sovereign national dialogue, women participated in the various governing bodies, including the presidium and the bodies responsible for reporting and finance.

76.The coordination mechanism for the promotion of women’s participation in the dialogue was established by Order of the Ministry of Women and Early Childhood No. 047/CMT/PMT/MFFPE/SG/2022 of 26 July 2022. The mechanism fostered the active, concerted and significant participation of women from all walks of life through the establishment of the women’s headquarters at the Palace of the Arts and Culture, where the dialogue was held.

77.There is a clear political will to protect women and girls, and to involve them in conflict prevention and management mechanisms. The 2023–2027 national plan of action for the implementation of Security Council resolution 1325 (2000) was adopted on 19 January 2023. The plan is a tool for advocacy and monitoring related to the involvement of women in conflict prevention and resolution, peace negotiations, and peacekeeping. It has been transformed into a programme with a particular focus on strengthening women’s capacity to participate effectively in peacekeeping activities through the related mechanisms.

78.Various steps have been taken in relation to women in the provinces, as part of the work of the Ministry of Women and Early Childhood, the National Women’s Coordinating Committee, the Group of Five for the Sahel, and civil society organizations. As a result, a number of women have been trained in community mediation, early warning and the analysis of peace agreements.

Education

79.The Ministry of Education and the Promotion of Civic Values, through the Directorate for the Development of Girls’ Education and the Promotion of Gender Equality, has taken various measures to increase the proportion of girls in education. Those measures are grouped in the following main strategic areas:

•Social communication for behavioural change

•Capacity-building for the main stakeholders involved in education

•Incentives

80.The following activities have been carried out as part of those measures:

•To help girls to assert themselves, 177 safe spaces have been established in schools.

•In 9 of the 23 provinces, 360 trainers have been trained in gender-sensitive pedagogy.

•A total of 400 members of associations of students’ mothers have been trained in areas such as life skills, the management of menstrual hygiene and hygiene around water points, and gender-based violence.

•Some of the highest-performing girls in scientific subjects have received awards.

•Associations of students’ mothers have been established in schools.

•A gender-sensitive revision of the primary school textbook is currently under way.

Rural women

81.The provincial coordination bodies, which are branches of the national consultation framework for rural women, enable rural women to participate in all processes.

Disadvantaged groups of women

82.A number of training and capacity-building courses have been carried out for humanitarian agents, social workers, communities and stakeholders on the prevention of and response to gender-based violence in emergency areas in the past five years.

83.Reporting and denunciation mechanisms have been established, including listening centres, hotlines and an integrated care centre in refugee-hosting areas.