2005

2006

2007

Men

Women

Men

Women

Men

Women

Total general population

66 603

76 871

66 164

76 590

65 849

76 372

Including the ages (years):

Working**

45 845

44 373

46 056

44 272

46 037

44 115

Older than working***

8 430

20 731

8 175

20 934

8 182

21 169

Urban population

48 150

56 569

47 775

56 330

47 559

56 219

Including the ages (years):

Working**

33 875

33 643

33 906

33 443

33 823

33 261

Older than working***

5 866

14 910

5 719

15 122

5 768

15 373

Rural population

18 453

20 302

18 389

20 260

18 290

20 153

Including the ages (years):

Working**

11 970

10 730

12 150

10 829

12 214

10 854

Older than working***

2 564

5 821

2 456

5 812

2 414

5 796

*In individual cases, insignificant divergences between the total and the sum of the parts are explained by a rounding off of the data.

**Men aged 16-59; women aged 16-54.

***Men aged 60 and older; women aged 55 and older.

Table 2 Age and gender composition of the general population (in per cent of the total number)

2005

2006

2007

Men

Women

Men

Women

Men

Women

Total general population

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Including the ages (years):

Working*

68.8

57.7

69.6

57.8

69.9

57.8

Older than working**

12.7

27.0

12.4

27.3

12.4

27.7

Urban population

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Including the ages (years):

Working*

70.3

59.5

71.0

59.4

71.1

59.2

Older than working**

12.2

26.3

12.0

26.8

12.1

27.3

Rural population

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Including the ages (years):

Working*

64.9

52.8

66.1

53.4

66.8

53.8

Older than working**

13.9

28.7

13.3

28.7

13.2

28.8

*Men aged 16-59; women aged 16-54.

**Men aged 60 and older; women aged 55 and older.

Table 3 Number and age breakdown of women and men as of 31 December 2007

Proportion of women and men in the total number of the general population

Number of the general population: 142,221,000 persons

Women: 76,372,000 persons

Men: 65,849,000 persons

Age in years

Age breakdown of women and men as of 31 December 2007 (in percentages)

Age in years

Women

Men

0-4

2.6

2.7

5-9

2.2

2.3

10-14

2.4

2.5

15-19

3.5

3.7

20-24

4.4

4.5

25-29

4.0

4.0

30-34

3.7

3.7

35-39

3.5

3.4

40-44

3.6

3.3

45-49

4.5

4.0

50-54

4.2

3.5

55-59

3.7

2.9

60-64

2.0

1.4

65-69

2.9

1.7

70-74

2.4

1.3

75-79

2.1

0.9

80-84

1.4

0.4

85-89

0.4

0.1

90-94

0.1

0.0

95-99

0.0

0.0

100 and older

0.0

0.0

Table 4 Dynamic of the number and natural fluctuations in the general population (in thousands of persons)

Number of the general population*

Births

Deaths

Years

Women

Men

Women

Men

Women

Men

2002

77 562

67 605

677

720

1 082

1 250

2003

77 473

67 491

716

761

1 093

1 273

2004

77 144

67 024

730

773

1 055

1 240

2005

76 871

66 603

708

750

1 059

1 245

2006

76 590

66 164

719

761

1 018

1 149

2007

76 372

65 849

781

829

985

1 096

*In this and in following tables in this chapter, statistics refer, for 2002, to the census on 9 October and for other years to the estimate on 1 January of the corresponding year.

Table 5 Distribution of women and men according to age groups as of 31 December 2007 (in percentages)

Urban population

Rural population

Women

Men

Women

Men

Younger than working age

13.4

16.7

17.2

19.7

Working age (women 16-54; men 16-59)

58.7

70.9

53.9

67.1

Older than working age

27.9

12.4

28.9

13.2

Table 6 Coefficients of birth rate, death rate and natural population growth

Year

Per 1,000 of the general population

Births

Deaths

Natural growth

2000

8.7

15.3

-6.6

2001

9.0

15.6

-6.6

2002

9.7

16.2

-6.5

2003

10.2

16.4

-6.2

2004

10.4

16.0

-5.6

2005

10.2

16.1

-5.9

2006

10.4

15.2

-4.8

2007

11.3

14.6

-3.3

Table 7 Summary coefficient of birth rate (average number of children whom one woman would give birth to over her life)

Year

Total population

Urban population

Rural population

2000

1.195

1.089

1.554

2001

1.223

1.124

1.564

2002

1.286

1.189

1.633

2003

1.319

1.223

1.666

2004

1.340

1.247

1.665

2005

1.287

1.197

1.589

2006

1.296

1.199

1.611

2007

1.406

1.283

1.798

Table 8 Maternal death rate (number of women who die due to complications in pregnancy, during birth and in the post-natal period)

Year

Total

Per 100,000 live births

2000

503

39.7

2001

479

36.5

2002

469

33.6

2003

463

31.9

2004

352

23.4

2005

370

25.4

2006

352

23.8

2007

354

22.0

Table 9 Life expectancy at birth (number of years)

Years

Total population

Women

Men

1999

72.4

59.9

2000

72.3

59.0

2001

72.2

58.9

2002

71.9

58.7

2003

71.8

58.6

2004

72.3

58.9

2005

72.4

58.9

2006

73.1

60.6

2007

73.9

61.4

Income, standard of living

Table 10 Number of the general population having money incomes lower than a subsistence wage according to basic age groups

Percentages of the total number of the general population of the corresponding age group

2005

2006

2007

Total general population

17.7

15.2

13.4

Including:

Children up to 16

22.1

19.0

17.4

Of whom children at the age of:

7 years

17.4

15.1

13.9

From 7 to 16 years

25.0

21.7

20.1

Young adults aged 16-30

18.0

15.3

13.3

Of whom:

Men aged 16-30

17.3

14.6

12.8

Women aged 16-30

18.7

16.1

13.8

Working-age persons older than 30

18.3

15.7

13.7

Of whom:

Men aged 31-59

16.9

14.4

12.6

Women aged 31-54

19.8

17.0

14.9

Population older than working age – total

11.9

10.4

9.2

Including:

Men aged 60 and older

11.5

10.2

9.2

Women aged 55 and older

12.1

10.5

9.2

Table 11 Distribution of the general population with money income less than a subsistence wage by basic age groups (percentages)

2005

2006

2007

Total general population

100

100

100

Including:

Children up to 16 years

21.1

20.6

20.9

Of whom children aged:

Up to 7 years

6.5

6.7

7.2

From 7 to 16 years

14.6

13.9

13.7

Young adults aged 16-30

25.2

25.1

24.9

Of whom:

Men aged 16-30

12.2

12.0

12.1

Women aged 16-30

13.0

13.1

12.8

Persons of working age older than 30

39.9

40.2

39.9

Of whom:

Men aged 31-59

18.8

19.0

18.9

Women aged 31-54

21.1

21.2

21.0

General population older than working age – total

13.8

14.1

14.3

Including:

Men aged 60 and older

3.8

3.9

4.0

Women aged 55 and older

10.0

10.2

10.3

Economy, employment, unemployment

Table 12 Level of economic activity of women and men by age groups

2007

2006

Women

Up to 20

12.2

12.4

20-24

57.1

56.5

25-49

87.7

87.6

50-54

82.6

82.2

55-59

52.8

49.6

60 and older

13.5

11.5

Men

Up to 20

16.5

16.5

20-24

65.2

66.1

25-49

93.3

92.2

50-54

86.4

87.0

55-59

75.5

75.5

60 and older

23.5

22.5

Table 13 Employed in the economy by status as of end of 2007

Women

Men

Distribution by gender, per cent

Women

Men

Employed in the economy total

Thousands of persons

35 110

35 704

Percentages

100

100

49.6

50.4

Including:

Employed by others

94.4

92.5

50.1

49.9

Self-employed

5.6

7.5

42.2

57.9

Of whom:

Employers

1.1

1.8

37.3

62.7

Members of industrial cooperatives

0.04

0.1

28.0

72.0

Self-employed

4.4

5.5

43.8

56.2

Assisting in family business

0.1

0.1

41.8

58.2

Table 14 Level of employment of women and men by age groups in percentages

2002

2007

Women

Men

Women

Men

Total

55.4

63.9

59.1

67.9

Including ages, in years:

Up to 20

10.0

13.5

9.1

12.7

20-24

52.3

61.7

50.8

57.8

25-29

75.4

84.0

78.9

89.7

30-34

78.2

84.4

80.1

88.4

35-39

82.0

85.6

87.2

89.1

40-44

83.5

84.6

86.0

87.6

45-49

81.9

83.9

86.0

87.3

50-54

76.1

79.2

79.3

82.5

55-59

45.6

68.1

51.5

73.3

60 and older

11.9

22.5

13.1

22.9

Table 15 Wages of women and men by types of economic activity investigated as of the end of 2007

Relation of wages of women to wages of men (per cent)

Proportion of women of the total number of workers (per cent)

Total

63

55

Mining

76

23

Processing

68

44

Production and distribution of electrical energy, gas, and water

81

34

Construction

79

19

Wholesale and retail trade; repair of automobiles, motorcycles, household appliances, and objects for personal use

69

64

Hotels and restaurants

73

77

Transportation and communications

70

39

Transactions with immovable property, rent, and provision of services

79

47

Scientific research and development

70

50

Education

89

79

Health care and provision of social services

85

84

Activity for the organization of leisure, entertainment, culture, and sports

64

64

Table 16 Victims of workplace accidents according to type of economic activity in 2007

Thousands of persons

Distribution by gender, %

Per 100,000 working persons

Women

Men

Women

Men

Women

Men

Total

18

48

28

72

168

361

Including:

Agriculture, hunting, and forestry

3

8

26

74

318

535

Mining

0.3

4

7

93

107

447

Processing

7

19

27

73

215

446

Production and distribution of electrical energy, gas and water

0.5

2

19

81

83

175

Construction

1

6

8

92

160

442

Transportation and communications

2

5

33

67

174

209

Other types of activity

4

4

52

48

111

232

Table 17 Victims of fatal workplace accidents according to types of economic activity in 2007

Thousands of persons

Distribution by gender, %

Per 100,000 working persons

Women

Men

Women

Men

Women

Men

Total

169

2 817

6

94

2

21

Including:

Agriculture, hunting, and forestry

27

475

5

95

3

33

Mining

4

402

1

99

2

50

Processing

54

598

8

92

2

14

Production and distribution of electrical energy, gas, and water

5

201

2

98

1

17

Construction

17

574

3

97

5

42

Transportation and communications

32

332

9

91

2

14

Other types of activity

30

235

11

89

1

13

Table 18 Distribution of unemployed persons by age as of the end of 2007

Women

Men

Urban population, per cent

Rural population, per cent

Women

Men

Women

Men

Total unemployed

In thousands

1 975

2 871

Percentages

100

100

46.6

53.4

46.5

53.5

Including the age in years:

Up to 20

8.5

9.4

42.9

57.1

46.2

53.8

20-29

31.7

32.6

43.3

56.6

48.8

51.2

30-39

20.7

21.8

46.2

53.8

43.7

56.3

40-49

24.1

22.5

49.0

51.0

47.4

52.6

50-59

13.2

12.2

53.0

47.0

42.1

57.9

60 and older

1.7

1.5

48.9

51.1

69.6

30.4

Average age. Years

34.8

34.3

35.5

34.0

34.0

34.8

Table 19 Level of unemployment by age groups and place of residence as of the end of 2007, in percentages

Total

Urban population

Rural population

Women

Men

Women

Men

Women

Men

Total

5.3

6.0

4.1

4.7

9.3

9.6

Including the age in years:

Up to 20

25.5

22.9

23.7

24.9

28.7

20.1

20-29

7.6

7.8

5.3

6.2

15.5

12.4

30-39

4.6

5.4

3.9

4.3

7.4

9.1

40-49

4.5

5.2

3.4

3.9

7.6

8.4

50-59

3.5

3.9

2.8

2.8

6.0

7.1

60 and older

2.7

2.6

3.2

3.1

1.2

0.6

Table 20 Unemployed persons by reason for inactivity as of the end of 2007

Women

Men

Distribution by gender per cent

Women

Men

Unemployed – total

Thousands of persons

1 975

2 271

Percentages

100

100

46.5

53.5

Including:

Discharged due to layoffs or reductions in staff, liquidation of the company, personal reason

19.0

16.4

50.2

49.8

Discharged at worker’s own request

19.3

25.0

40.2

59.8

Discharged due to the end of a term, seasonal work, or contract

5.0

12.0

26.6

73.4

Other reasons

24.9

19.0

49.4

50.6

No previous jobs

31.8

27.6

50.0

50.0

Table 21 Unemployed persons according to job search type as of the end of 2007

Women

Men

Distribution by gender, per cent

Women

Men

Unemployed – total

Thousands of persons

1 975

2 271

Percentages*

100

100

46.5

53.5

The types of job search used:

State employment service

37.6

28.9

53.1

46.9

Commercial employment service

4.0

3.2

52.4

47.6

Placing classified advertisement, responding to same

18.1

16.7

48.5

51.5

Friends, relatives, acquaintances

57.6

61.1

45.0

55.0

Direct approach to administration of the employer

24.8

28.5

43.2

56.8

Other ways

12.3

13.2

44.8

55.2

*No totals are given because an unemployed person may make use of more than one type of job search.

Table 22 Unemployed persons by age groups and family situation as of the end of 2007 in percentages of the total

Total

Including the ages, in years

Up to 20

20-29

30-39

40-49

50-59

60 and older

Unemployed – total

Women

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

Including:

Registered marriage

40.3

3.4

22.6

54.9

58.4

50.4

44.1

Unregistered marriage

9.7

1.5

11.6

10.3

12.0

6.5

Widowed

5.2

1.4

3.9

5.5

15.7

33.8

Divorced

10.7

5.5

11.5

14.6

21.1

17.3

Separated

3.5

1.4

1.5

4.6

5.6

4.0

4.8

Never married

30.5

93.7

57.5

14.8

4.0

2.3

Men

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

Including:

Registered marriage

36.4

14.3

37.9

59.1

74.8

68.2

Unregistered marriage

7.1

4.6

11.9

8.4

8.9

2.6

Widowers

1.6

0.2

2.9

4.8

21.4

Divorced

8.4

1.4

12.6

19.2

6.7

6.7

Separated

2.1

0.8

5.2

2.1

1.4

1.2

Never married

44.4

100

78.9

32.2

8.2

3.3

Table 23 Unemployed persons by duration of job search as of end of 2007

Women

Men

Distribution by gender, per cent

Women

Men

Unemployed – total

Thousands of persons

1 975

2 271

Percentages

100

100

46.5

53.5

Including searching for work, months:

Less than 1

8.3

12.6

36.6

63.4

From 1 to 3

17.9

21.0

42.6

57.4

From 3 to 6

14.5

14.3

46.9

53.1

From 6 to 9

7.3

7.4

46.2

53.8

From 9 to 12

10.4

7.9

53.6

46.4

12 and more

41.7

36.8

49.5

50.5

In 2007, the average duration of a job search was 8.9 months for women and 8.0 months for men.

Table 24 Unemployed persons by duration of job search and place of residence as of the end of 2007, in percentages

Looked for work, in months

City

Village

Women

Men

Women

Men

Up to 3

33.4

38.7

16.2

26.5

3-6

18.1

17.1

9.4

10.3

6-12

18.8

15.3

16.3

15.2

12 and more

29.7

28.9

58.2

48.0

In 2007, the average duration of a job search in urban populations was 7.5 months for women and 7.0 months for men, and in rural populations it was 10.9 months for women and 9.4 months for men.

Table 25 Unemployed persons by level of education as of the end of 2007

Women

Men

Distribution by gender, per cent

Women

Men

Unemployed – total

Thousands of persons

1 975

2 271

Percentages

100

100

46.5

53.5

Including those having education:

Higher professional

14.0

9.3

56.8

43.2

Incomplete higher professional

3.6

1.5

67.0

33.0

Secondary professional

22.4

15.7

55.4

44.6

Beginning professional

14.9

21.8

37.4

62.6

Secondary (complete) general

34.4

35.4

45.9

54.1

Basic general

10.1

14.7

37.4

62.6

Beginning general and lacking same

0.5

1.6

20.4

79.6

Health

Table 26 Medical preventative assistance to women and children (as of the end of the year) *

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Number of obstetric-gynaecologists, thousands

42.0

42.2

42.6

42.8

42.9

43.5

43.6

Number of beds for pregnant women and newborns, thousands

87.8

85.9

85.0

83.7

81.9

82.3

82.0

Number of beds for gynaecological illnesses, thousands

92.2

87.1

84.6

82.3

81.7

79.1

76.7

Number of women’s clinics – obstetric-gynaecological departments (offices), thousands

7.9

7.6

7.6

7.7

7.7

7.4

6.8

Number of medical assistant and obstetric clinics, thousands

44.3

43.9

43.6

43.4

43.1

42.3

39.8

Number of paediatricians, thousands

69.9

69.6

69.3

68.6

68.6

69.8

69.4

Number of paediatric hospitals**

433

426

420

409

407

382

365

Number of beds for paediatric patients, thousands

229.1

224.1

214.0

210.4

200.3

194.9

190.2

Number of beds in paediatric inpatient wards, thousands

73.6

91.2

83.1

81.3

69.6

67.6

-

Number of paediatric clinics and outpatient offices, thousands***

7.9

7.6

7.6

7.5

7.3

6.1

4.7

Per 10 thousand women:

Number of obstetrician-gynaecologists

5.4

5.5

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.7

5.7

Number of beds for gynaecological patients

11.9

11.3

11.1

10.8

10.7

10.4

10.0

Per 10 thousand women (aged 15-49):

Number of beds for pregnant women and newborns

22.2

21.6

21.4

21.2

20.9

21.1

21.2

Per 10 thousand children (aged 0-14):

Number of paediatricians

28.7

30.0

31.2

31.9

32.0

33.4

33.3

Number of beds for paediatric patients

94.1

96.6

96.2

97.8

93.5

93.3

91.3

Number of beds in paediatric inpatient wards

29.8

31.4

36.6

36.6

32.7

32.4

-

*Data from Rosstat.

**Data from Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia.

***Both independent ones and those that are part of other institutions.

Table 27 Illness caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) registered as ill with the illness indicated

Total thousands of persons

Per 100,000 of the general population of the relevant gender

Women

Men

Women

Men

2000

17

61

22.4

90.0

2005

85

150

111.7

227.5

2006

82

155

129.5

234.7

2007

99

169

129.5

256.3

Data from Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia.

Education

Table 28 Level of education of women and men, according to data of the national census

2002

Thousands of persons

Distribution by gender per cent

Women

Men

Women

Men

Total population aged 15 and higher

65 893

55 407

54

46

Including those having Professional education:

Higher education (including postgraduate education)

10 766

8 613

56

44

Incomplete higher

2 018

1 722

54

46

Secondary

19 052

13 877

58

42

Beginning

6 661

8 706

43

57

General education

Secondary (complete)

10 938

10 338

51

49

Basic

8 882

7 813

53

47

Table 29 Number of students by type of State and municipal educational institution as of the end of 2007

Women

Men

Distribution by gender, per cent

Women

Men

Number of students – total

Thousands of persons

11 849

11 369

Percentages

100

100

51

49

Including:

Institutions of general education

56.1

58.7

50

50

Institutions of beginning Professional education

3.7

7.2

35

65

Secondary specialized educational institutions

9.7

10.1

50

50

Higher educational institutions

30.0

23.3

57

43

Graduate students

0.5

0.7

43

57

Doctoral students

0.0

0.0

4

96

Table 30 Composition of the deputies to the State Duma in 2008-2011

Persons

Distribution by gender, per cent

Women

Men

Women

Men

Total

63

487

14

86

Including by parties:

“ Russia United”

44

271

14

86

“Communist Party of the Russian Federation ”

4

53

7

93

“Liberal Democratic Party of Russia ”

4

36

10

90

“ Russia of Justice: Homeland/Pensioners/Life”

11

27

29

71