Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Secondary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Cape Verde	2002/2003	70	67	73	58	55	61	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Tertiary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index
Total	Male	Female
Cape Verde	2002/2003	5	4	5	…

Ratification of the Convention Against Discrimination in Education

Cape Verde has not ratified the UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education. However, the Constitution adopted on 5 August 1992 and amended substantially in 1999, states in Article 73 (Education) 1: Everyone shall have the right to education. 2. The State shall ensure the elementary education, which shall be compulsory, universal and free of charge and whose duration shall be established by law. 3. All the education shall be under State monitoring.

Activities under UNESCO Sectors/Programmes

Education Sector

Since the world conference on Education For All (EFA), national authorities defined the goals within the framework of the “six key aspects” mentioned in paragraph 8 of Guidelines of Action in order to answer the needs of fundamental education. The Education Ministry organized a Round Table with the help of UNESCO and UNICEF.

The following general goals were discussed at the Round Table:

- To universalize access to basic education and to promote equity and a satisfying education

- To promote basic education with a focus on an effective acquisition of knowledge, aptitudes and values

- To enlarge the scope of basic education

- To improve learning conditions

- To universalize access to basic education for all 7-year old children

- To increase compulsory education (elementary school) from 4 to 6 years of studies

- To improve learning results

- To support initiatives aiming at the development of the pre-school children (3-6 year old)

- To encourage the development of private learning

- To shorten the global rate of adults illiteracy to 12 percent and to eliminate illiteracy by 2000

- To promote professional training for the young, giving priority to rural and sub-urban zones.

In addition, the following specific goals were emphasized:

- To use information channels and to introduce new educational technologies

- To improve management capacity and data analysis to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the education system

- To enlarge the absorptive capacity of the education system and to provide equipment to schools in order to improve quality of teaching

- To revise the study programs, with a view to adapting their contents to national realities and the requirements of the process of development.

Chile

Basic Statistics –Education

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics

Country	Year	Education Enrolment – Primary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrol ment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER – NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Chile	2002/03	100	101	99	86	87	86	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment – Secondary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER – NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Chile	2002/03	89	88	90	79	78	79	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Tertiary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index
Total	Male	Female
Chile	2002/03	42	44	41	…

Ratification of the Convention Against Discrimination in Education

Chile has ratified the UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education (26/01/1972)

Constitution: date of adoption/date of entry into force – 21 October 1980.

Chapter III - Art.19: The Constitution in Paragraph 10 guarantees to all persons the right to education. The objective of education is the complete development of the individual in the various stages of his life. Parents have the preferential right and duty to educate their children. The State shall provide special protection for the exercise of this right. Basic education is mandatory; to that effect, the State must finance a gratuitous system designed to ensure access thereto by the entire population. The State must ensure the development of education at all levels (…).

Activities under UNESCO Sectors/Programmes

Education Sector

UNESCO has contributed to the wider efforts of the international community to achieve the two corresponding Education for All (goal 5) and Millennium Development Goals (goal 3, target 4) of gender parity by 2005 and gender equality by 2015.

Although progress has been slow since 2000, the need to provide education for all and bridge the gender gap has taken centre stage and has increased awareness on female education and its importance to sustainable development. UNESCO intensified its efforts and work with its partners and governments to address the barriers impeding girls and women’s full participation in order to make the goal of gender parity and equality a reality in 2015.

Chile has formed alliances and an agenda to foster EFA programs to support national education plans, universal primary school for all, inclusive education policies and practices. These programs also include education for prevention of HIV/AIDS, prevention of murder, and equity of access to quality science training.

Fellowships

9 fellowships were granted to Chilean women representing a sum of $58, 796. Fields of study include: education, educational technology, architecture and historical heritage, molecular Biology, and environment. Five co-sponsored fellowships UNESCO/Israel (Mashav), two Regular Programme (FBK), one co-sponsored fellowship UNESCO/Japan: Obuchi, and one UNESCO fellowship Programme in Support of Priority Programme areas.

China

Basic Statistics – Education

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Primary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER – NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
China	2002/03	115	115	115	…	…	…	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment – Secondary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
China	2002/03	70	71	69	…	…	…	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment – Tertiary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index
Total	Male	Female
China	2002/03	16	17	14	…

Ratification of the Convention Against Discrimination in Education

China has ratified the UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education ( 12/02/1965)

Constitution: Date of adoption/date of entry into force : 4th December 1982.

Article 19: The state develops socialist educational undertakings and works to raise the scientific and cultural level of the whole nation. The state runs schools of various types, makes primary education compulsory and universal, develops secondary, vocational and higher education and promotes pre-school education.

Article 46: Citizens of the People's Republic of China have the duty as well as the right to receive education. The state promotes the all-round moral, intellectual and physical development of children and young people.

Please note that the text does not provide for free primary education.

Activities under UNESCO Sectors/Programmes

Education Sector

UNESCO has contributed to the wider efforts of the international community to achieve the two corresponding Education for All (goal 5) and Millennium Development Goals (goal 3, target 4) of gender parity by 2005 and gender equality by 2015.

Although progress has been slow since 2000, the need to provide education for all and bridge the gender gap has taken centre stage and has increased awareness on female education and its importance to sustainable development. UNESCO intensified its efforts and work with its partners and governments to address the barriers impeding girls and women’s full participation in order to make the goal of gender parity and equality a reality in 2015.

The Chinese government and other Northeast Asian countries have implemented the following EFA programs to address people’s lack of educational attainment and other issues: HIV/AIDS preventive education in Northeast Asia, teacher training in chemistry, education for sustainable development in Northeast Asia and women’s socio-economic rights (in China and Vietnam ). In addition, China and other Northeast Asian countries ( Mongolia ), strengthened inclusive education and, supported INRULED (International Research and Training Center for Rural Education).

A skills-based literacy programme for women

The Skills-based Literacy programme for women was launched in 1990, and is run by the Yunnan (China) Education Commission, UNESCO, UNDP, the Ford Foundation and especially the ACWF (All China Women's Federation). Xuan Wei country is a poor region where 66 per cent of illiterates are women. To persuade them to attend courses, which last between 15 and 30 days, the ACWF conducts door-to-door campaigns, organizes teams to ensure that women come to class regularly, publicizes its activities in the local media, and distributes leaflets. So far 36,000 women from Xuan Wei County have learned to read, write and calculate thanks to the course, and the female illiteracy rate has fallen by 29% compared with the average for the province. More than 300 technical training courses in 70 subjects have taught new skills to 275,000 women. For more than a decade, UNESCO has been committed to the empowerment of women. Through the Skills-based Literacy Programme for Women nearly 1,000 literacy and post-literacy materials were developed and are being used in operational programmes aimed at increasing women’s livelihoods. Thanks to skills learned at women’s literacy programmes, millions of rural women are now self-sufficient. UNESCO has been working with local people to enhance the quality of the programme through adding a component on information and communication technology. UNESCO has also, with support from the Japanese Government, DANIDA and UNDP collaborated with other countries such as Indonesia , Pakistan and Zimbabwe to enhance the capacity of women farmers through an integrated community education approach using modern multi-media learning technology.

Social and Human Sciences Sector

Empowering female domestic workers - Research Project on Legal Issues concerning China ’s

Household Service Sector:

Within the framework of the programme “Dialogue on Human Rights”, UNESCO Beijing Office together with t h e Center for Women’s Law Studies and Legal Services of Beijing University has launched the research project “ Legal Issues concerning China’s Household Service Sector ” in 200 5. T he research project investigated issues surrounding the living conditions and the fundamental rights and interests of domestic workers under Chinese current legal system and policies and analyzed the obstacles facing domestic workers within the legal system. The research showed that the existing Chinese laws and legislations (i.e.: Chinese Labor Law) fail to sufficiently cover and protect the legal interests and rights of domestic workers with the result that domestic workers are excluded from the social protection provided by the state and are not able to enjoy regulated working hours, a minimum wage, health care and/or educational training. Drawing on the findings and results of the research, possible solutions and legislative recommendations to reform the current legislation were provided by the research team.

Advocacy Event on 8 March International Women’s Day

On 8 March, 2006 UNESCO Beijing office organized a half-day workshop on the “Rights of Female Migrants ”. During this workshop, the findings and results of the above-cited research project on Legal Issues Concerning the Household service Sector were presented and discussed.

The workshop focused on the legal rights of young female migrants who are employed as domestic workers in China and was also used as a forum to promote and encourage women’s empowerment and the protection of their equal rights. Among the participants were academics and legal experts, representatives of the government, international organizations, and women NGOs, household service companies, female migrants and representatives from the media. Mr. Khalid Malik, UN Resident Coordinator in China, closed the event with a message of Kofi Annan, Secretary-General of the United Nations and highlighted the vital role women play in a successful development processes, lauded the advances made in and pointed to the necessity to continue the efforts to empower women.

Radio Program on legal rights for domestic workers

In 2006, the UNESCO Beijing Office will continue its work in the promotion and protection of the legal rights and interests of female domestic workers. Following up on the 8 March event “Legal Rights of Female Migrants”, UNESCO Beijing will develop a radio program that (1) distributes knowledge on domestic workers’ legal rights, (2) provides a platform for discussion, and (3) promotes empowerment of female migrants.

Fellowships

2 fellowships were granted to Chinese women representing a sum of $27,722. Fields of study include: developmental biology and environment. One co-sponsored fellowship UNESCO/L’Or eal, and one Regular Programme.

Cuba

Basic Statistics - Population and Education

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Primary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Cuba	2002/03	98	100	96	…	…	…	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Secondary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER – NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Cuba	2002/03	93	94	92	86	86	86	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Tertiary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index
Total	Male	Female
Cuba	2002/03	34	29	39	…

Ratification of the Convention Against Discrimination in Education

Cuba has ratified the UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education (02/02/1963)

Constitution: Date of adoption/date of entry into force : 24 February 1976.

Chapter VII - Art.51: Everyone has the right to an education . This right is guaranteed by the free and widespread system of schools, semi-boarding and boarding schools and scholarships of all kinds at all levels of education, and because of the fact that all educational material is provided free of charge, which gives all children and young people, regardless of their family's economic position, the opportunity to study in keeping with their ability, social demands and the needs of socio-economic development. Adults are also guaranteed this right, and education for them is free of charge, with the specific facilities regulated by law, by means of the adult education program, technical and vocational education, training courses in state agencies and enterprises and the advanced courses for workers.

Activities under UNESCO Sectors/Programmes

Education Sector

UNESCO contributed to the wider efforts of the international community to achieve the two corresponding Education for All (goal 5) and Millennium Development Goals (goal 3, target 4) of gender parity by 2005 and gender equality by 2015.

Although progress has been slow since 2000, the need to provide education for all and bridge the gender gap has taken centre stage and has increased awareness on female education and its importance to sustainable development. UNESCO intensified its efforts and work with its partners and governments to address the barriers impeding girls and women’s full participation in order to make the goal of gender parity and equality a reality in 2015.

Cuba EFA conducted educational research in order to assess the quality of their education system. On this basis, national programs were designed to strengthen early childhood and children’s education, notably in rural areas, with a special focus on girl’s education.

Fellowships

7 fellowships were granted to Cuban women, representing a sum of $54,902. Fields of study include: communication technologies, information, peaceful conflict resolution, life sciences-nuclear medicine, rural development, water resources and adjacent ecosystem. Three co-sponsored fellowships UNESCO/JAPAN:Obuchi, one regular programme (FBK), one co-sponsored fellowship UNESCO/Israel Mashav, and one UNESCO/L’Oreal co-sponsored fellowship for young women in life science.

Czech Republic

Basic Statistics - Population and Education

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Primary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Czech R epublic	2002/03	102	103	101	87	87	87

Country	Year	Education Enrolment – Secondary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Czech Republic	2002/03	97	96	98	90	89	92

Country	Year	Education Enrolment – Tertiary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index
Total	Male	Female
Czech Republic	2002/03	36	34	37	…

Ratification of the Convention Against Discrimination in Education

The Czech Republic has given notification of succession to the UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education (26/03/1993).

Constitution: Date of adoption/date of entry into force : 16 December 1992 (Please note that the text does not hold provisions on individual rights of its citizens or specifically on the right to education).

Fellowships

2 fellowships were granted to women from the Czech Republic , representing a sum of $11,715. Fields of study include: Cultural – protection of cultural diversity and dialogue between cultures and civilization. One UNESCO fellowship Programme in Support of Priority Programme Areas and, one Regular Programme (FBK).

Democratic Republic of the Congo

Basic Statistics - Education

No Statistics available

Ratification of the Convention Against Discrimination in Education

Democratic Republic of the Congo has not ratified the UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education.

Constitution: Date of adoption/date of entry into force : 18 February 2006.

Art. 43: Every person has the right to education. Education shall be provided through the national school system. [...] Primary education shall be compulsory and free of charge in public schools.

Art. 45: Education shall be free.

Fellowships

4 fellowships were granted to women from the Democratic Republic of Congo, representing a sum of $28,666. Fields of study include: agriculture, social and economic development and, project management and development. Four co-sponsored fellowships UNESCO/Israel Mashav.

Denmark

Basic Statistics – Education

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Primary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Denmark	2002/03	104	104	104	100	100	100	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment – Secondary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Denmark	2002/03	129	126	132	96	94	98	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment – Tertiary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index
Total	Male	Female
Denmark	2002/03	67	55	79	…

Ratification of the Convention Against Discrimination in Education

Denmark ratified the UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education (04/10/1963).

Constitution: Date of adoption/date of entry into force 1953 (Please note that the text does not stipulate compulsory primary education).

Section 76 : All children of school age shall be entitled to free instruction in the elementary schools. Parents or guardians who themselves arrange for their children or wards receiving instruction equal to the general elementary school standard, shall not be obliged to have their children or wards taught in elementary school.

Georgia

Basic Statistics – Education

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Primary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Georgia	2002/03	90	91	90	89	89	88

Country	Year	Education Enrolment – Secondary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Georgia	2002/03	80	80	80	78	77	78

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Tertiary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index
Total	Male	Female
Georgia	2002/03	38	38	38

Ratification of the Convention Against Discrimination in Education

Georgia has given notification of succession to the UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education (04/11/1992).

Constitution: Date of adoption/date of entry into force 1995 ( Please note the terminological difference between primary education (which is compulsory) and basic education (which is at the expense of the state).

Chapter II, Art.35: 1. All have the right to receive education and choice of its form. 2. The State guarantees the conformity of educational programs with international rights and standards. 3. Pre-school education is guaranteed by the State. Primary education is obligatory. Basic education is guaranteed at the expense of the State. Citizens have the right and, in the established framework, to receive without payment in state schools secondary, professional and higher education. 4. The State supports educational institutions in accordance with the law.

Fellowships

6 fellowships were granted to women from Georgia , representing a sum of $62,100. Fields of study include: the role of women in society, life science-medicine and, education. Two co-sponsored fellowships UNESCO/Suzanne Mubarak/Japan-Egypte, three co-sponsored fellowships UNESCO/Israel – science & technology and, one Regular Programme (FBK).

Ghana

Basic Statistics – Education

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Primary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Ghana	2002/03	79	81	77	63	64	62	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment – Secondary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Ghana	2002/03	39	43	36	33	36	31	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Tertiary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index
Total	Male	Female
Ghana	2002/03	3	5	2	…

Ratification of the Convention Against Discrimination in Education

Ghana has not ratified the UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education.

Constitution: Date of adoption/date of entry into force1996.

Article 25: (1) All persons shall have the right to equal educational opportunities and facilities and with a view to achieving the full realization of that right- (a) basic education shall be free, compulsory an available to all; (b) secondary education in its different forms, including technical and vocational education, shall be made generally available and accessible to all by every appropriate means, and in particular, by the progressive introduction of free education.

Activities under UNESCO Sectors/Programmes

Education Sector

Capacity-building on gender in the ECOWAS Sub-region

Ghana is part of a sub-regional network entitled “Women and Girls Education Network in ECOWAS (WENE)”, set up by UNESCO, which intends to strengthen collaboration and partnerships for the education of girls and gender equality in education. The objective of WENE, which comprises national officers responsible for girls’ education and gender equality in education, is to (1) review the current situation of women and girls’ education and gender equality in education within participating countries, (2) identify common characteristics across member countries and/or compare differences; (3) examine the existing regional cooperation programmes, networks and relevant experiences in Africa and other regions; (4) and identify needs of the countries in the ECOWAS sub-region in order to meet the Dakar EFA Goal V.

Guidance, Counselling and Youth Development for Africa: Promoting Girls’ Education in Africa

Ghana participates in the programme on Guidance, Counselling and Youth Development for Africa supported by UNESCO. The programme aims at the development and institutionalization of “Guidance and Counselling services” as non-academic support in education systems. The programme has a special emphasis on girls and young women as well as HIV and AIDS, with a view to enhance school retention and completion – two fundamental aspects of EFA goals 2 (UPE) and 5 (Girls’ education). The training package developed in the context of this programme consists of 10 Modules of which “Module 5: Gender Sensitivity” includes the principles of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. The training package was digitalized and reproduced in 2005. Ghana has four master trainers that have graduated from the regional “Guidance and Counselling” programme.

Fellowships

3 fellowships were granted to women from Ghana , representing a sum of $19,880. Fields of study include: communication, television documentary programme production and, educational planning and administration. Two co-sponsored fellowships UNESCO/Republic of Korea IPDC and, one regular Programme.

Jamaica

Basic Statistics – Education

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Primary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Jamaica	2002/03	100	100	99	95	94	95	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment – Secondary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Jamaica	2002/03	84	83	85	75	74	77	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Tertiary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index
Total	Male	Female
Jamaica	2002/03	17	10	25	…

Ratification of the Convention Against Discrimination in Education

Jamaica has ratified the UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education (16/03/2006).

Constitution: (Commonwealth) Date of adoption/date of entry into force : 25 July 1962 (Please note that the text provides human rights guarantees, but not on the right to education) .

Activities under UNESCO Sectors/Programmes

Education Sector

The Jamaican government and civil society support the development and implementation of effective policies and programmes for EFA. In addition, they support the improvement of quality and equity in primary education toward achieving universal completion of primary education. They also advocate for gender equity and equality in education and in development and promote a holistic rights-based and gender-sensitive response to HIV/AIDS.

Fellowships

5 fellowships were granted to Jamaican women, representing a sum of $38,100. Fields of study include: the role of women in society, museum studies, communication and, molecular biology. Two Regular Programme (FBK), one UNESCO/Suzanne Mubarak/Japan-Egypte and, one UNESCO/L’Oreal co-sponsored fellowship for young women in life science.

Mauritius

Basic Statistics – Education

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Primary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Mauritius	2002/03	104	103	104	89	89	88	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Secondary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Mauritius	2002/03	81	81	81	74	74	74	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Tertiary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index
Total	Male	Female
Mauritius	2002/03	15	13	18	…

Ratification of the Convention Against Discrimination in Education

Mauritius has ratified the UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education (20/08/1970).

Constitution: Date of adoption/date of entry into force : 12 March 1968 (Please note that the text provides for neither free nor compulsory primary education).

Activities under UNESCO Sectors/Programmes

Fellowships

6 fellowships were granted to women from Mauritius , representing a sum of $47,338. Fields of study include: education, enterprise management, environment, life science, plant ecology and, bio-informatics. Two Regular Programme (FBK), one UNESCO fellowships Programme in Support of Priority Programme Areas, one co-sponsored fellowship UNESCO/China – the Great Wall, one co-sponsored fellowship UNESCO/Japan: Obuchi and, one UNESCO/L’Oreal co-sponsored fellowship for young women in life science.

Mexico

Basic Statistics – Education

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Primary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Mexico	2002/03	110	111	110	99	99	100	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Secondary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Mexico	2002/03	79	76	83	63	61	64	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Tertiary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index
Total	Male	Female
Mexico	2002/03	22	23	22	…

Ratification of the Convention Against Discrimination in Education

Mexico has not ratified the UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education.

Constitution: Date of adoption/date of entry into force: 1917.

Art. 3: Every person has the right to receive an education. The State-Federation, states and municipalities shall provide preschool, primary and secondary education. Primary and secondary education shall be compulsory. IV. All education provided by the State shall be free of cost.

Activities under UNESCO Sectors/Programmes

Education Sector

Mexico has concentrated its EFA programming in supporting education initiatives aimed at promoting UPE for rural and indigenous women and promoting initiatives to teach the indigenous youth life skills.

Fellowships

9 fellowships were granted to Mexican women, representing a sum of $111,030. Fields of study include: education, intercultural dialogue, history, life science and, peaceful conflict resolution. Five UNESCO/L’Oreal co-sponsored fellowships for young women in life science, two co-sponsored fellowships UNESCO/Japan: Obuchi, one co-sponsored fellowship UNESCO/Keizo Obuchi ( Japan ) and, one Regular Programme.

Philippines

Basic Statistics – Education

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Primary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Philippines	2002/03	112	113	112	94	93	95	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Secondary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Philippines	2002/03	84	80	88	59	54	65	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Tertiary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index
Total	Male	Female
Philippines	2002/03	30	26	34	…

Ratification of the Convention Against Discrimination in Education

Philippines has ratified the UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education ( 19/11/1964).

Constitution: Date of adoption/date of entry into force 11 February 1987.

Article XIV : The State shall protect and promote the right of all citizens to quality education at all levels and shall take appropriate steps to make such education accessible to all. (1) Establish, maintain, and support a complete, adequate, and integrated system of education relevant to the needs of the people and society; (2) Establish and maintain a system of free public education in the elementary and high school levels. Without limiting the natural right of parents to rear their children, elementary education is compulsory for all children of school age.

Activities under UNESCO Sectors/Programmes

Education Sector

The UNESCO Gender, Peace and Development (GENPEACE) project

The UNESCO Gender, Peace, and Development (GENPEACE) project aims to promote gender-sensitive community-based peace education and literacy training in conflict areas in Mindanao since 1999. The major partner of UNESCO in this project is the Notre Dame Foundation for Charitable Activities, Inc., Women in Enterprise Development (NDFCAI-WED). The GENPEACE project is implemented on the basis of UNESCO’s interdisciplinary programme “Towards a Culture of Peace” through education and effective communication. The project has been incorporated into the Government of the Philippines United National Multi-Donor Programme (GOP-UNMDP-Phase III), and is also assisted by the Canadian International Development Agency’s Local Government Support Programme (CIDA-LGSP). The project receives support from local government units and community. Through this project, UNESCO helped with the capacity building of Mindanao NGO Literacy and Education Network members and the establishment of 15 Community Radio Stations. The activities covered Community-based Advocacy on Education for All (EFA) and United Nations Literacy Decade (UNLD). The distance learning courses, using the UNESCO/GENPEACE community radio stations, targeted mostly illiterate and marginalized women and girls in the most isolated and conflict-ridden communities of Mindanao.

The GENPEACE also integrates peace education and gender in literacy and continuing education activities. Literacy learning classes are organized in the areas where illiteracy rates are high. Classes are designed to facilitate learning of adults, especially women, with zero literacy level. Included in the modules were skills training that helped build capacity of the target communities. Through the project, adult illiterates, many of whom were women, from the remotest areas of Mindanao are given opportunities to learn basic literacy and become empowered community members. Ms. Pampay Kudanding Usman, 60, of Barangay Katuli, Sultan Kudarat, Maguindanao province, is one of the graduates of the GENPEACE literacy courses. She is now a literate woman and was the lead speaker during the formal launch of the United Nations Literacy Decade in New York (2003). “In one month’s time, I learned to write my name, address, read public vehicle signboards and prizes of commodities. And I now look forward to the next elections as I will be able to write the names of my candidates without being assisted by anyone.  Now I can write the name of the person whom I want to vote,” Pampay said with pride during her speech.

PALIHAN Project for Out-of-School and Street Children in Metro Manila

PALIHAN is a non-formal technical/vocational skills training programme specially designed for the so-called youth-at-risk, out-of-school youth and street youth between age 17 – 24 years. Most of the trainees are girls and young women. PALIHAN is an acronym for Palitanng Husay at Sanayan , which means exchange of skills and expertise.

Jointly developed by NGO ERDA Tech Foundation ( www.erdatech.org ) and UNESCO, the PALIHAN programme began in October 1997. It was conceived in response to the growing number of youth who have left school due to a variety of reasons linked to poverty. The PALIHAN aims to change youth alienation by giving them the life skills and work skills to develop their sense of responsibility and foster a positive outlook so they can become contributing members of society. The PALIHAN is now in its sixth phase and over 800 trainees have completed the one year programme. The rights of girls and women are part of the training curriculum. Of these trainees, 61% are employed, which is much higher than national youth employment rate of 19.7% (Labour Force Statistics, National Statistics Office, 2005).

HIV/AIDS preventive education

In 2006 UNESCO assisted the Philippines to develop the legal framework of the country’s prevention and care program on HIV/AIDS. The UNESCO comments had been given to the AIDS Law review (Republic Act 8504) via UNAIDS and the Special Committee on MDG under the leadership of Congresswoman Nerissa Soon-Ruiz. Most of the comments aimed to protect women and girls’ rights to have access to proper education and information about HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment. The rights to education of the marginalized group of women - risk group of women (sex-workers) and the HIV/AIDS positive women had been put into focus of the Government.

Fellowships

4 fellowships were granted to Filipino women, representing a sum of $41,825. Fields of study include: communication, environmental and analytical chemistry, biochemistry and molecular biology. Two co-sponsored fellowships UNESCO/Republic of Korea IPDC, one Regular Programme (FBK) and, one co-sponsored fellowship UNESCO/China – the Great Wall.

Republic of Moldova

Basic Statistics – Education

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Primary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Republic of Moldova	2002/03	86	86	86	79	79	79	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment – Secondary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Republic of Moldova	2002/03	73	72	75	69	68	70	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Tertiary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index
Total	Male	Female
Republic of Moldova	2002/03	30	26	34	…

Ratification of the Convention Against Discrimination in Education

Republic of Moldova has given notification of succession to the UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education (17/03/1993).

Constitution: Date of adoption/date of entry into force 24 July 1994.

Article 53: “the right of access to education is put into effect through the compulsory comprehensive public school system, lyceal (public secondary school) and vocational education, as well as the higher education system, and other forms of instruction and training.” State public education is free and the admission to lyceums, vocational and higher education institutions is based on personal merit. Compulsory education covers nine years (Grades I–IX). In principle, one year of pre-primary education is also compulsory.

Activities under UNESCO Sectors/Programmes

Fellowships

3 fellowships were granted to women from the Republic of Moldova , representing a sum of $30,000. Fields of study include: the role of women in society, intercultural dialogue and, ecology. One co-sponsored fellowships UNESCO/Japan: Obuchi, one co-sponsored fellowships UNESCO/Israel – science & technology and, one UNESCO/Suzanne Mubark/Japan-Egypt.

Uzbekistan

Basic Statistics – Education

Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Primary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Uzbekistan	2002/03	103	103	102	…	…	…	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment – Secondary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Net Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index GER - NER
Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
Uzbekistan	2002/03	95	97	94	…	…	…	…

Country	Year	Education Enrolment - Tertiary
Gross Enrolment Ratio (%)	Gender Parity Index
Total	Male	Female
Uzbekistan	2002/03	16	17	14	…

Ratification of the Convention Against Discrimination in Education

Uzbekistan has ratified the UNESCO Convention against Discrimination in Education (08/12/1997).

Constitution: Date of adoption/date of entry into force : 8 December 1992 (please note the text provides no provisions on primary education , neither that it be free , compulsory or a state obligation).

Article 41: Everyone shall have the right to education. The state shall guarantee free secondary education. Schooling shall be under state supervision.

Activities under UNESCO Sectors/Programmes

Education Sector

Uzbekistan supports the Central Asian EFA Forum.

Fellowships

8 fellowships were granted to women from Uzbekistan , representing a sum of $192,331. Fields of study include: agriculture, biotechnology, communication, education, economics, linguistics and, life science. Two co-sponsored fellowships UNESCO/China – the Great Wall, one co-sponsored fellowship UNESCO/Israel – science & technology, one co-sponsored fellowship UNESCO/Israel Mashav, one co-sponsored fellowship UNESCO/Republic of Korea IPDC, one Regular Programme (FBK), one co-sponsored fellowship UNESCO/Czech Republic and, one UNESCO/L’Oreal co-sponsored fellowship for young women in life science.