Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Fifty-second session
28 April–23 May 2014
Item 6 (a) of the provisional agenda
Consideration of reports: reports submitted by St ates parties in accordance with articles 16 and 17 of the Covenant
List of issues in relation to the second periodic report of Lithuania
Addendum
Replies of Lithuania to the list of issues *
[Date received: 5 February 2014]
Contents
Paragraphs Page
I.General information1–23
II.Issues relating to the general provisions of the Covenant (arts. 1–5)3–443
Article 2, paragraph 2 – Non-discrimination3–433
Article 3 – Equal rights of men and women4412
III.Issues relating to the specific provisions of the Covenant (arts. 6–15)45–17712
Article 6 – The right to work45–7212
Article 7 – The right to just and favourable conditions of work73–8921
Article 8 – Union rights90–9224
Article 9 – The right to social security93–10524
Article 10 – Protection of the family, mothers and children106–11427
Article 11 – The right to an adequate standard of living115–13429
Article 12 – The right to physical and mental health135–15535
Articles 13 and 14 – The right to education156–16138
Article 15 – Cultural rights162–17840
Annexes
I.Statistical information on questions Nos. 1 and 1045
II.Information concerning question No. 651
III.Information concerning question No. 2657
I.General information
Court decisions
1.Answers of the National Courts Administration on question No. 1 are provided in the annexes.Further information on court decisions invoking the provisions of the Covenant is provided at www.teismai.lt/en/courts/statistics/.
National Human Rights Institution
2.The amendments to the Republic of Lithuania Law on the Seimas (Parliament) Ombudsmen were prepared and registered in 2012. Those amendments will extend the competence of Seimas Ombudsmen, making the Seimas Ombudsmen’s Office relevant to a National Human Rights Institution in accordance with the Paris Principles.
II.Issues relating to the general provisions of the Covenant (arts. 1–5)
Article 2, paragraph 2 – Non-discrimination
Complaints received by the Office of Equal Opportunities Ombudsperson
3.During 2002‑2008 the Office of Equal Opportunities Ombudsperson of the Republic of Lithuania received 818 complaints. Almost all of them were regarding discrimination in the enjoyment of economic, social and cultural rights and their outcomes. In 4% cases it was decided to refer the investigation material to a pre-trial investigation institution or the prosecutor as features of a criminal act had been established. In 22% cases it was decided to address an appropriate person or institution with a recommendation to discontinue the actions violating equal rights and to amend or repeal a legal act related thereto. In 4% cases the administrative sanctions were imposed. 18% complaints were dismissed as the violations indicated in them had not been corroborated. In 26% cases investigation was terminated as the complainant withdrew his complaint or there was a lack of objective evidence about the committed violation or the complainant and offender conciliated or the acts that violated equal rights ceased to be performed or the legal act that violated equal rights was amended or repealed. In 13% cases it was decided to admonish for committing a violation. In 13% cases other decisions were made according to the Law. More information about activity of the Office of Equal Opportunities Ombudsperson is provided at www.lygybe.lt.
Roma national minority
4.According to census, only 5 per cent of Roma indicate wage as main income for living expenses. Majority lives out of social welfare. 50 per cent of Roma do not have hot water, bathtub, shower or toilet; 20 per cent do not have water-supply, sewerage. (Source: Institute for Ethnic Studies).
Roma integration programmes
5.The Roma integration programme for 2008‑2010 and the Action plan for Roma integration into the Lithuanian society for 2012‑2014 were approved. Because of financial crisis part of the measures included into Roma integration programme for 2008‑2010 were not implemented.
6.During the period of 2010–2012 there was not any Roma integration programme adopted. But it does not mean that none of the Roma integration measures were implemented. Ministry of Culture gets funds from the state budget for Roma integration notwithstanding the fact whether there has been adopted or not any document or programme for Roma integration. During the period of 2010‑2012 Ministry of Culture allocated financial support for the activities of Roma Community Centre (education of children and adults, cultural events) in Kirtimai settlement and for the cultural projects of Roma NGOs.
7.As it is indicated in Action plan for Roma Integration into the Lithuanian Society for 2012‑2014, in 2012 the sum of 647,000 LTL was allocated for Roma integration. In 2013, the sum of 1 403 000 LTL, including EU structural funds was allocated.
8.Lithuania is planning to adopt a new Roma integration strategy from year 2015, which would be in line with the European Commission Communications COM(2011) 173, COM(2012) 226 and COM(2013) 454.
9.In 2010, the Ministry of Social Security and Labour coordinated the implementation of the National Antidiscrimination Programme for 2009–2011.The purpose of this Programme is to nurture respect for a human being, to ensure the implementation of provisions of the legislation laying down the principle of non-discrimination and equal opportunities, to raise legal consciousness, to increase mutual understanding and tolerance on the grounds of gender, race, nationality, language, origin, social status, faith, convictions or views, age, sexual orientation, disability, ethnicity and religion, to raise public awareness of manifestations of discrimination in Lithuania and its negative impact on opportunities for certain groups of society to actively participate in public activities under equal conditions, and of safeguards of equal rights. In order to fight discrimination (Roma issues were included) different non-discrimination campaigns and elaborates of information were implemented.
Roma people inclusion into the labour market
10.At the end of 2013, 167 Roma people have been in the register of the Lithuanian Labour Exchange. 58% of these were female, 5% with vocational training, 53% with primary education, 23% without primary education, 14% young people aged 16-24, 24% over 55 years of age.
11.During the period of 2008–2013, 837 Roma people have applied the labour exchange:
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
90 |
79 |
106 |
168 |
213 |
181 |
12.During the years from 2008 to 2013, 90 Roma people were employed or involved in the active labour market policy measures:
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
18 |
2 |
2 |
7 |
34 |
27 |
13.53 persons filled job vacancies, 23 people participated in the Public Jobs measure, 12 people acquired a grant for business licenses.
14.The Vilnius territorial labour exchange has arranged an information stand and a self-service information search terminal at The Roma Community Centre premises which provides a public access to the labour market information.
15.The Law on Support for Employment determines the state support for jobseekers, registered with a local labour exchange, applying active labour market policy measures. Therefore, active labour market policy measures are applied for Roma, as well as for other jobseekers. Roma, as well as all unemployed, seeking for a job, should register at a local labour exchange themselves. This Law is being applied for them on a general order. However concerning the lack of motivation and low education, despite the fact that local labour exchanges take into consideration differences forming groups for vocational training and including them into other active labour market policy measures, Roma people still face difficulties gaining qualification, starting their own business or finding a job. Notwithstanding state support for jobseekers’ employment, Roma community people integration into the labour market still remains topical, cause Roma people do not always have appropriate valid personal identification documents, qualification very often do not meet the labour market requirements and they do not register with a local labour exchange as jobseekers. Therefore applied employment support measures do not help to solve Roma integration problems. Consequently seeking to integrate Roma into the labour market, social exclusion problems need to be solved firstly.
16.In the framework of the “Roma Integration Programme 2008-2010” the Roma Community Centre held labour market days. This Centre houses an information stand of Vilnius Territorial Labour Exchange. A special booklet “Roma Integration Programme 2008-2010” – a new opportunity for Roma to become participants of the labour market” was produced and released with the aim to inform members of the Roma community about this programme and to introduce them to employment support measures.
17.Action plan for Roma Integration into the Lithuanian society for 2012–2014 includes measure: to disseminate information on active labour market policy measures that provide Roma an opportunity for taking an active part therein, as well to implements this measures. Implementing active labour market policy measures, 20 Roma were employed to work law skilled jobs.
18.Two measures of Priority I “High Quality Employment and Social Inclusion“were related to the problems of Roma population:
19.Measure “Activities and services designed for encouragement of people at social risk and socially excluded persons to return into the labour market”. Objective of this measure is to help persons at social risk and socially excluded persons to integrate into the labour market in order to avoid their social exclusion. Among such target groups as convicts, persons released from imprisonment, disabled persons, addicted persons, homeless persons, and etc. there are also socially excluded Roma.
20.During 2009-2012 the Project under above mentioned ESF measure “Turn to Roma: Innovative measures for participation of Roma in the labour market” was implemented.Applicant – UNDP Lithuania; budget about 2 000 000 LTL (about 580 000 euro). Project results – 37 Roma were employed to low skilled jobs; 2 Roma started own business; 1 Roma entered professional school.
21.From year 2012 new project financed from ESF has been implemented: “European Roma Culture and BusinessPark ‘Bachtalo drom”. Applicant – Roma NGO “Gypsy fire”. Budget – 2 000 000 LTL (about 580 000 euro). During the project it is planned to provide training for 240 people, while employing 72 of them. Establishing Culture and BusinessPark, where Roma could gather their cultural heritage, and where conditions for setting up and starting practical business would be provided, is also on agenda. For today 191 Roma are participating in the project. Programmes for social skills training are coming to an end. 10 people are employed, while registering of an ensemble is being prepared. The latter is taken care of by professionals, and already has offers for performing. Opportunity to take driving courses is also provided.
Education
Education of Roma and improving access to education is the priority objective of Roma integration policy
Source : Institute for Ethnic Studies.
22.The number of Roma schoolchildren at comprehensive schools has increased from 276 schoolchildren in the academic year 1996-1997 to 572 schoolchildren in the academic year 2011‑2012, respectively. However, the majority of Roma schoolchildren acquires primary education and overcome only few steps of the basic education level. The results of the sociological survey, conducted in 2008, illustrate that a part of Roma studying at 5th‑7th grades has relatively increased. On average, Roma studied at schools from 6 to 7 years and, generally, finished 5 grades.
23.On 17 March 2011, the amendments to the Law amending the Law on Education came into the forth, according to which special assistance shall be provided at school to individuals in need of such assistance (article 21 (3)). Special assistance can be provided to learners, having special educational needs because of adverse environmental factors (cultural/lingual, social, and economic). Special assistance can be provided by teacher assistant or second teachers, who are not required to have pedagogical education. However there is no data if such assistance is provided at schools with substantial number of Roma schoolchildren.
24.Early education is not compulsory in Lithuania. Although from 2012 preschool education is compulsory for some social groups, including those living in disadvantaged areas. The decision obliging family to send children to preschool institution is to be adopted by municipalities. In Vilnius children of preschool age living in Kirtimai settlement attend Roma community centre where they are prepared for school lessons of Lithuanian language, math, as well as social skills courses are organized.
25.Implementing Roma Integration action plan for 2012‑2014 in 2012‑2013 the following measures were implemented: two positions of teacher’s assistant created in Vilnius city (their work prolonged until 2013); Review of Roma children integration into educational system prepared in 2012; Professional qualification improvement seminar was organized for general schooling teachers working with Roma pupils in 2012; Education for Roma children (preschool age group) and adults in the Roma Community Centre was organized; Roma Community Centre in cooperation with Education Development Centre prepared material about Roma history and ethnic culture and the recommendation to include this material into formal education will be prepared by Ministry of Education and Science. Education Development Centre in June, 2013 started to implement EU project ‘Development of Adult Educational System in providing general competences for participants’.
Housing and living conditions
26.Measures of positive discrimination regarding housing of Roma in Lithuania are not applied. Roma people have access to social housing like other people living in Lithuania. Priority is given to people who are orphans or have no parental care, also to families with five or more children, to families in which three or more children have been born at the same time, also to lonely disabled persons.
27.The Subsidized Housing Division of the Department of Social Affairs and Health of Vilnius City Municipal Government Administration notified that 85 families living in Roma encampment in Kirtimai were included on the list for subsidized housing rent. During the period from 2005 to October 2012, Vilnius City Municipality rented 33 apartments to Roma families.
Health care
28.The Roma Integration Programme 2008‑2010 included measures to prepare and implement projects on healthy lifestyle, to organize events fostering a healthy lifestyle in locations of dense population of Roma and on learning sites as well as health examination for Roma (within the competences of a family practitioner) and to submit the generalized results thereof. Special measures were foreseen for Roma women and girls. They were offered a separate series of lectures on sanitation and hygiene which were conducted at the Roma Community Centre. The Drug Control Department under the Government of the Republic of Lithuania implemented the measure: to arrange contests on preventing the use of psychoactive substances for Roma; the “Yellow Bus”, the “Blue Bus”, projects offering mobile services of harm reduction were implemented.
29.Vilnius Centre of Addiction Diseases is constantly co-operating with Roma people. The Centre is carrying out a harm reduction programme, delivers the pharmacotherapeutic opiodic medicines (methadone) and other harm reduction services. In 2011 the services of harm reduction programme were used by 91 Roma (61 men, 30 women, average age – 35), in 2012 the services were used by 136 Roma (87 men and 49 women, average age – 35). Roma, as well as other patients of the Centre receive medical, social, psychological help, individual treatment plans are created with regards to persons’ needs and possibilities.
•Action plan for Roma Integration into the Lithuanian society for 2012-2014 includes two measures:To prepare and implements a project on healthy lifestyle, to organize event fostering a healthy lifestyle in places of dense population or study of Roma;
•To organize a cycle of lectures for Roma girls and women on sanitation and hygiene issues.
30.One year budget – LTL 12,000 (about euro 3,500). The measures are implemented by Vilnius City Municipality Public health bureau. In 2012 the following lectures for Roma children were delivered in the Roma Community Centre (in total 8 lectures, 115 participants): (1) Health Protection and Promotion, Common Cold Diseases; (2) Sexuality Education; (3) Dental Caries Prevention and Oral Hygiene; (4) Prevention of Smoking, Consumption of Alcohol and Other Psychoactive Substances (2 lect.); (5) Prevention of Infectious Diseases and Personal Hygiene (3 lect.). In 2013 the same lectures were delivered.
Awareness-raising
31.At the beginning of 2013 Lithuania launched Council of Europe Dosta! campaign. Campaign aims to improve communication between Roma and non-Roma and to spread knowledge about Roma identity and their cultural heritage in general. The Dosta! Campaign focuses and the whole society, though special attention will be devoted to raise awareness among school children and teachers. The brochure about Roma victims of the Holocaust during the period 1941‑1945 was printed and will be distributed to the history teachers. The material on Roma history and ethnic culture was prepared and in cooperation with Roma community centre and Education Development. CD and the book about Roma culture were published by the end of 2013 year.
32.The Ministry of Culture allocates partial support to Roma NGO projects annually promoting Roma culture and traditions. In 2009, the amount of 13 100 LTL was provided; in 2011 – 20 000 LTL; in 2012 – 24 000 LTL; in 2013 – 35 000 LTL for Roma Cultural projects. Special attention in 2013 was shown to women’s empowerment, more specifically to Roma Integration Home project, which focused on Roma women involvement into various activities, as well as cherishing of traditional crafts.
Projects implemented by civil society
Public institution Roma Community Centre
33.In 2001 a public institution, the Roma Community Centre, was established in Vilnius, Kirtimai settlement where about 500 Roma people live. The founders of Roma Community centre are: Ministry of Culture, Vilnius municipality, NGO “Gypsy fire”, Lithuanian Children Fund.
Projects implemented in 2012-2013 by PI Roma Community Centre
Programme/ Fund |
Project |
Roma community centre |
Coordinator |
ESF |
Turn to Roma: Innovative measures for participation of Roma in the labour market |
Partner |
UNDP Lithuania |
FOSI |
Empowering Lithuanian Roma Women Through Art |
Coordinator |
Roma community Centre |
Comenius – LLP |
PS CLUB – Prosociality Sport Club; Prosociality for Integration and Multiculturalism |
Partner |
Centro Studi e Villa Montesca (Italy) |
Education, Audiovisual and Culture Executive Agency (EACEA) |
VISTA – participatory VIdeo and social Skills for Training disadvantaged Adults |
Partner |
Centro Studi e Villa Montesca (Italy) |
GRUNDTVIG Learning Partnerships |
EMPATHY – European Modern PAinTing HistorY |
Partner |
Space Today UK Ltd. |
ESF |
European Roma Culture and Business Park “Bachtalo drom” |
Partner |
Gypsy fire NGO |
EACEA |
CORE – EDUcational Contribution Efforts – Educate Educators |
Partner |
ADRA Bulgaria Foundation |
EACEA |
MBS: MyBeautifulSchool – a place where it is possible to be happy |
Partner |
Centro Studi e Villa Montesca (Italy) |
LLP 2012 KA1: Roma multilateral projects |
Exp-Rom: Professional education of experts for better future of intellectually disabled Roma |
Partner |
CIK Trebnje Slovenia |
PROGRESS programme |
C.A.F.E. Changing Attitude Fostering Equality |
Partner |
Ombudsmen for Equal Opportunities |
Lithuanian Children‘s Fund projects (LiCF)
“NGO Network for the Empowerment of the Roma Community”
34.The aim of the Project “NGO Network for the Empowerment of the Roma Community” is to help the NGOs working with the Roma Community issues to form a strong, organized and formalized network on the basis of an embryonic coalition that does exist already in order to ensure a better representation of Roma, provide advocacy to this community, form a good practice community, solve more efficiently problems that they are facing in social, economic, political, civic and cultural fields. Especially, there is a need for a consistent lobbying when EU structural funds programming period is starting and new programmes for Roma community are supposed to be designed by the authorities. The project activities will be concentrated around 3 axes:
•To reinforce the NGO working with Roma abilities to participate to the policy and decision making;
•To reinforce these NGO by inviting a new members and creating a strong network;
•To provide administrative capacity building trainings in order to prepare them to implement in partnership big scale projects.
35.The project budget is 128,964.36 LTL, with a co-financing of 12,896.44 LTL; the project will last 12 months.
“Together”
36.The aim of the project is to compose a support network sustained by the friendship between Roma children, their families and teachers. In the frame of this network to help children from Roma encampment in Kirtimai to increase their learning progressiveness during individual activities, also to assist developing their social skills during group non-formal educational activities and to share information about the children’s rights and their duties. Objectives:
•To work with Roma children who begin their school (1st, 2nd year) and with children at school (4th, 5th grade);
•Establish and / foster relation between children, their families and teachers;
•To encourage children to go to school, raise their motivation and assist in solving other education related problems;
•Reach out to the local government to inform about possible ways to solve early school drop outs that are especially common among Roma community.
Direct benefits:
•10–15 elementary schoolchildren from Roma encampment will benefit from individual work and support for them at the RCC;
•5 Roma children attending the 5th grade at Saulėtekis secondary school will benefit from individual and group work organized by the teachers of this school;
•4 Roma children attending the 1st grade at Naujininkai secondary school will benefit from individual and group work organized by the teachers of this school;
•10‑15 children from Roma encampment will attend weekly group social skills activities, organized by the social pedagogue of the RCC;
•5‑15 children from Roma encampment will attend weekly group of Children’s rights training, organized by the lecturer Loreta Trakinskiene.
37.The end of the project is 31 December 2013.
Lithuanian Young Falcon Union project
38.Since mid-2010, Organization Lithuanian Young Falcon Union is administering a project called “Help Me to Fit in: First Steps at School”, which is an initiative seeking for continuous breaking of social segregation of Roma children. During the project, connection between volunteers’ team, teachers and Roma children, as well as their parents, is developed; financially independent care system for Roma children schooling needs was also created. The core of the project is cooperation based on friendship and bilateral understanding between Lithuanian volunteers and Roma children, in order to raise motivation and opportunities for Roma children to fit in school more successfully, while reducing mutual negative stereotypes and broadening possibilities for integration.
National Institute for Social Integration
39.National Institute for Social Integration (NSII) is actively working in the field of Roma integration fulfilling various initiatives and projects. Below we present examples of good practices of 2013. “Human library” is one of the ongoing NSII programmes implemented through various support funds. It is an informal educational method stimulating reciprocal understanding, tolerance and the respect for human rights. The foundation of the “Human library” project is the living books. They are people who are from socially vulnerable groups and suffer from discrimination or negative consequences due to society’s prejudices. The living books have a lot to say to people who are interested in first-hand accounts from people who experience isolation and discrimination. Some of the people who participate in the “Human library” programme are Roma. In 2013 there were 28 “Human libraries” organized with over 1700 participants.
40.The Institute constantly executes journalism investigations. Specific situations are chosen and team of journalists is assigned, who conduct the study (more information at www.zurnalistui.lt). During the course of the programme the journalists try to understand the situation of the Roma. A special case – a journalism investigation which uncovered that in Žagarė special school for children with intellect disorders, together with intellectually impaired students there were absolutely healthy Roma children. More information at http://zurnalistui.lt/2013/08/22/vilniaus-centre-isdyges-labirintas-be-isejimo-nuoroda-i-vaiku-ugdymo-problemas/.
41.There is an educational programme for journalists currently implemented by the institute. With the support of the European Commission NSII is organizing an international project “The Address of Human Rights – Journalism”. One of the activities of the project is teaching the Roma to communicate with journalists. The project started from September 2012 and will continue until October 2014.
42.The NSII also consults Roma on the questions of initiatives when creating organizations, societies, activities and so on.
43.In 2014-2020 it is planned to expand these directions supplementing them with new initiatives and projects.
Article 3 – Equal rights of men and women
44.The evaluation of the impact of the whole National Programme on Equal Opportunities for Women and Men will be performed on the third quarter of 2014. Evaluation will include all period of the programme from 2010 to 2014.
III.Issues relating to the specific provisions of the Covenant (arts. 6–15)
Article 6 – The right to work
Work permits issued to foreigners in the years 2009-2013
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
|
Work permits granted |
2239 |
1808 |
3327 |
4627 |
5036 |
Work permits cancelled |
2369 |
637 |
643 |
1140 |
1447 |
Registered unemployment
45.Since 2000, in Lithuania was observed economic growth, dramatic decline in unemployment and labour force shortages, however, in 2008, the financial and economic crisis has particularly hit the Lithuanian economy, the unemployment rate increased sharply, also increased the number of bankrupt companies and layoffs, unemployment grew rapidly and employment opportunities declined.
Registered unemployed in years of 2008–2013
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
|
Unemployed in thousands |
73.4 |
203.1 |
312.1 |
247.2 |
216.9 |
201.3 |
Employment of unemployed in thousands |
118.2 |
118.9 |
180.4 |
202.0 |
182.1 |
178.7 |
Percentage ratio of registered unemployed and the working-age population |
3.7 |
10.2 |
15.9 |
13.1 |
11.7 |
10.9 |
46.Between the years of 2008 and 2010, not only the number of registered unemployed had rapidly increased, but also the structure of job seekers has changed. In the unemployed structure the proportion of unemployed men began to increase and the proportion of women to decrease. In 2008, women accounted for 56.4% of total unemployed and men for 43.6%. In 2010, the ratio of male and female was reversed: the proportion of women has decreased to 42%. During this period the share of unemployed under 25 years of age increased from 9.2% to 14.8%. Meanwhile the number of unemployed older than 50 years decreased from 35% to 26%. Since 2011, there was observed a different trend. Labour market has been slowly improving and there was a decline in registered unemployment, mostly of men. In 2013, men accounted for only slightly more than half (51.5%) of total number of unemployed, from August to October, the number of unemployed men was less than half of the total unemployed. Since 2011, grew comparative weight in ratio by decline of young people and growing number of older people: the unemployed youth in 2013 accounted for 11.6% and unemployed over the age of 50 years accounted for 32.8%.
47.On 1 January 2008, the highest percentage of the unemployed working-age population was in Druskininkai (7.1%), Akmenė (6.9%), Ignalina (6.8%) municipalities, the lowest was in Elektrėnai (0.8%), Trakai (1.1%), Kretinga (1.4%) municipalities. On 1 January 2014, the highest unemployment rate was recorded in Ignalina district (19.8%), Alytus district (19.2%) and Lazdijai municipality (18.9%), the smallest was in Neringa (7.0%), Trakai (7.4%) and Kretinga (7.5%) municipalities.
48.The territorial gap in unemployment has been increasing from 2008 to 2013. In early 2008 the difference between areas with the highest and lowest unemployment was 6.3 percentage points; at the end of 2013 it was 12.8%.
49.Since 2001, the Local Initiatives for Employment (LIE) has been implemented in the highest unemployment areas (municipalities and neighbourhoods). Geography of LIE projects and their number has been expanding greatly over past years from 9 areas and 16 projects in 2001 up to 48 areas and 131 projects in 2013. During 13 years, it was implemented 814 projects and created 4,645 new work places.
50.Statistical data on population by economic activity status and age group, sex and place of residence is provided in the annexes.
51.Information concerning disabled persons is provided under question No. 13.
52.More than 200 refugees and 128 asylum seekers, the majority of whom are women and children, have been currently residing in Lithuania. State support measures adopted directly for the integration of foreigners granted asylum/ refugees are implemented by the Refugees Reception Centre. Integration is carried out at the Refugees Reception Centre and in the territories of Lithuanian municipalities. In 2011, the Refugees Reception Centre provided support for 73 foreigners: 51 adults and 22 unaccompanied minors. Individual plans of activities for foreigners were drawn up. Six children of pre-school age attended classes in the children’s occupation room; one child was educated at home. In 2011, 500 Lithuanian language lessons were conducted to 52 adult foreigners. Some 17 foreigners took a partial Lithuanian language examination in the Centre. Classes for minors’ groups of mutual support, aimed at bringing together unaccompanied minors of different nationalities and religions who live at the Centre, were organized. Seminars were held for employees of municipal and non-governmental organizations, other institutions and agencies working in the field of social integration of foreigners granted asylum; various cultural events to encourage awareness of other cultures were also organized. During this period 7 foreigners found employment.
Stateless person by economic activity status and sex, aged 15 and older
Total |
Employed |
Unemployed |
Economically inactive |
|
Total |
2401 |
818 |
605 |
978 |
Males |
1411 |
493 |
397 |
521 |
Females |
990 |
325 |
208 |
457 |
Unemployment insurance benefits
53.At the end of 2012, unemployment insurance benefits were granted for 35,000 (17.5%) of the unemployed. In 2011, this figure was 16%. The average unemployment benefit in 2012 was 563.26 LTL and in 2011 it was 546.95 LTL.
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
|
A verage duration of unemployment, months |
4.49 |
5.81 |
8.57 |
9.38 |
7.76 |
A verage unemployment benefit payment duration, months |
3.19 |
4.3 |
4.82 |
4.24 |
4.13 |
A verage annual number of people receiving unemployment insurance benefits |
23.4 |
70.4 |
56.4 |
35.7 |
35.0 |
54.Since 1 January 2013, in accordance with article 20 of the Law on Unemployment Insurance of the Republic of Lithuania, the unemployment insurance benefits are calculated, appointed and paid by the State Social Insurance Fund Board under the Ministry of Social Security and Labour.
Implementation of projects of local initiatives for employment in 2013
55.In 2013, projects of local initiatives for employment were implemented in territories of 39 municipalities. 131 projects were implemented and 461 new vacancies were created. LTL 15,8 million was allocated from the national budget and ESF. The average cost of creation of one job reached LTL 34,2 thousand. While expanding business in rural areas, 61 projects were implemented and 230 new vacancies were created in rural areas.
56.Having analysed the retention of vacancies, which were created by implementing employment initiative projects and the monitoring of which had ended, it was established that 64 percent of 127 new vacancies created in 2010 were retained. All the established vacancies were retained by employers of districts of Utena and Marijampolė, over 90 percent of the established vacancies were retained by employers of districts of Šiauliai, and over 60 percent of established vacancies were retained by employers of districts of Kaunas, over 40 percent of established vacancies were retained by employers of districts of Tauragė and over 30 percent of the established vacancies were retained by employers of districts of Panevėžys and Alytus.
57.It is planned to continue to implement the projects of local employment initiatives in the areas with high unemployment in 2014. Employment Increasing Programme for the period 2014-2020, approved by The Government of Republic of Lithuania at 25 September 2013 by Resolution No. 878, sets the objective of promoting jobs in the regions, especially in areas with high unemployment.
Number of persons involved in the active labour market programs from 2008 to 2013
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
|
Vocational training |
9.8 |
13.9 |
6.8 |
6.4 |
5.6 |
9.4 |
Public works |
16.4 |
18.8 |
31.9 |
35.6 |
31.8 |
26.6 |
Support for work place creation |
1.4 |
0.9 |
0.7 |
2.5 |
10.2 |
7.8 |
Vocational rehabilitation |
0.3 |
0.3 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.7 |
0.6 |
Job skills support |
1.7 |
3.8 |
6.5 |
3.8 |
4.2 |
3.5 |
Subsidised employment |
4.9 |
9.0 |
12.3 |
9.5 |
11.5 |
10.4 |
Job rotation |
0.4 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.6 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
Vocational training
58.From March 2012, the vocational training legislation has been changed. The changes were made toachieve more flexible and efficient implementation of vocational training, enabling vocational training providers to compete more freely, developing our clients’ motivation to improve their professional skills, acquiring new skills and competencies, and responding more quickly to labour market needs and adapting to change. After adoption of changes, vocational training is organized only if there is a specific work place. A person can choose a vocational training provider himself. A vocational training provider can be not only an educational institution but also a company, an organization, an employer. New training model is associated with introduction of the document guaranteeing payment for the training – a Training Voucher. There is foreseen a compensation mechanism to cover a local labour exchange’s training related costs if a person terminates training without a valid reason or after completing vocational training does not employ or start self-employment, or the employer refuses to hire or eliminates a work place within 12 months.
59.In 2012, 5.6 thousand unemployed and those made redundant were offered to participate in the vocational training measure. Employment results after completion of vocational training achieved a significant improvement: 89% of unemployed were employed immediately after training completion.
60.In 2013, 9.4 thousand unemployed and those made redundant were sent to a vocational training measure. There were achieved indicators of integration into the labour market after the completion of vocational training: 60% were employed immediately, 87% were employed within 3 months, and 95% who completed the vocational training were employed within 6 months.
Social enterprises
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
|
Number of social enterprises |
102 |
130 |
137 |
136 |
134 |
State aid granted, million LTL |
21.1 |
24.2 |
32.5 |
36.6 |
44.0 |
Maintained jobs for the employees who are attributed to the target groups, thousands |
1.9 |
2.4 |
3.5 |
4.1 |
4.7 |
Number of created jobs for disabled |
72 |
163 |
134 |
29 |
57 |
Youth unemployment
61.Economic crisis has affected the employment prospects of the young generation, but with the help of state policies, due to the European Union’s statistics agency Eurostat, since 2008 youth unemployment (persons under 25) decreased from 35.3 per cent in 2010 to 22.9 per cent in November 2013 and is currently lower than EU average (23.6 per cent). Although, like in most EU Member States, it remained twice as high as the total national unemployment level (11.3 per cent).
Youth (15-24) unemployment indicators
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
|
Youth unemployment rate |
12 . 2 |
29 . 0 |
35 . 3 |
32 . 6 |
26 . 7 |
Long-term youth unemployment rate |
Low reliability |
17 . 3 |
20 . 3 |
34 . 2 |
25 . 4 |
Youth unemployment ratio |
4 . 1 |
8 . 9 |
10 . 2 |
9 . 2 |
7 . 8 |
NEET |
8 . 9 |
12 . 4 |
13 . 5 |
11 . 5 |
11 . 1 |
62.In order to tackle the unemployment issues more systematically and to reach the Lithuania’s overall target of the Strategy “Europe 2020” (to increase employment rate to 72.8%), a Youth EmploymentIncreasing plan has been implemented since 2012. Also, national Employment Development Programme for the years 2014-2020 was devised. Furthermore, in relation to the latest priorities in the employment sphere of the EU (promotion of targeting inactive youth and introduction the framework for apprenticeship-based approach), a national Action Implementation Plan for the Youth Guarantee was developed in order to ensure that every young person would get into employment, further education or (re)training within 4 months of becoming unemployed or leaving formal education.
Active labour market measures
63.Active labour market policy measures in Lithuania are defined by Law on Support of Employment and consists of vocational training, support for job creation (subsidies for job creation, implementation of projects of local employ end initiatives, support for self-employment), territorial mobility of unemployed and supported employment (which include subsidized employment, support for the acquisition of professional skills, public works and job rotation). Best results were shown by the measures of subsidized employment and support for the acquisition of professional skills, regarding which follow-up results have shown that about 80% remained in their work or found a job in the next 6 months after the measure. The Law on Support of Employment stresses that youth aged under 29 are considered to be additionally supported in the labour market, while youth, aged 24 and less is treated as long-term unemployed after 6 months of the unemployment spell, compared to the 12 months for all other groups.
Youth Guarantee Implementation plan
64.National Youth Guarantee scheme was approved by the Order No. A1-692 of the Minister of Social Security and Labour of the Republic of Lithuania on 16 December 2013. The purpose of a National Youth Guarantee Initiative is to ensure that every young person aged 29 or less in 4 months after quitting from work or formal education would receive an offer to work, to study (including apprenticeship) or to train or to be an intern.
65.Youth Guarantee for a young person aged 29 or less must be provided in less than 4 months from the day of registration in local labour exchange, and for those not in employment, education or training, which are not registered in Lithuanian Labour Exchange, youth guarantees must be provided in the same 4 months period after their identification in a special targeted monitoring database.
66.Recently Youth Guarantee Implementation plan and Inter-institutional Action Plan 2014-2016 implementing the Employment Increasing programme 2014-2020 were prepared. Notably, all related institutions and social partners are involved in the process. The objective of Youth Guarantee plan is to provide young persons aged under 29 year old with a good quality offer of a job, continued education, an apprenticeship or a traineeship within 6 months of becoming unemployed. To achieve the above mentioned goal it is planned to implement a set of reforms which would involve all relevant stakeholders to support employment of young people.
67.The following key measures for promoting youth employment helped reduce youth unemployment in the country:
•The Entrepreneurship Promotion Fund providing loans for starting a new business or to promote business expansion. Young people aged up to 29 are the most active among the project’s target groups, having been issued more than 40% of all loans. As of mid-February this year, loans are issued under even more favourable conditions: people or companies will be entitled to a reimbursement of 95% of the interest charged.
•“Promoting Youth Employment” is a project implemented by the Lithuanian Labour Exchange (LLE) from 1 August 2012 and funded by the European Social Fund. It aims to promote youth employment by providing opportunities for them to gain practical skills and integrate into the labour market. The project’s activities comprise providing subsidised employment and supporting the acquisition of work skills. An employer employing a young person aged up to 29 for approximately 4 months can receive a subsidy of up to 50% of their pay and in case of disabled employment, up to 60-75% depending on the employed person’s capacity to work.
• The “Intensive Long-Term Support Programme for Youth Not in Employment or Education” for 2013-2015 will promote integration of youth to the labour market and/or the education system by providing social rehabilitation services and services that help to improve preparedness for the labour market using the experience of non-governmental organizations.
• Support for First Employment: as of 1 July 2010, by employing a person working under an employment contract for the first time the contributions paid by employers to “Sodra” are reduced from 31 to 7.7%, exempting employers from social pension insurance contributions. The exemption is valid until 31 July this year. As of 1 August, the “Sodra” contribution relief granted to employers will be replaced by a new form of support, i.e. reimbursement of a part of the work pay. Such a system of support enables people to accumulate the pension insurance period. Reimbursement is provided to the employers on the basis of the “Support for the First Employment” measure, which is funded by EU funds.
•Legal Education of Youth. As part of the project, the State Labour Inspectorate under the Ministry of Social Security and Labour in 2012 organized 30 seminars, which were attended by approximately 1000 students from higher education institutions and vocational schools. The seminars provided information for young people on concluding their first employment contract, employee rights and duties and other areas of labour relations and work-related legal aspects.
•Motivational seminars are constantly organized by territorial labour exchange offices (TLE) for socially vulnerable, unqualified and unmotivated young people. Since 2008, the TLE has been organizing motivational seminars for young people that are socially vulnerable, unqualified and lack motivation. The sessions aim to improve their chances of employment and equal competition in the labour market. During two-day group sessions, young people are familiarised with various professions and the labour market and are encouraged to share their experiences and problems with others, developing their communication and entrepreneurial skills and preparedness for the labour market.
•A First Job Programme is offered for graduates who completed education and started working according to acquired professional competences or for graduates or persons with basic education who are seeking a job for the first time. Participants of this programme are provided with information, counselling, intermediation services. Their job search skills are enhanced, they have opportunities to acquire and to establish their professional qualification and to participate in ALM’s. A specialist of the local labour exchange who is responsible for employment support, inclusion and career planning for young people, assists in preparing an employment action plan, which foresees actions to help gain access to the labour market and the most effective job search methods and techniques.
•On the website of the Lithuanian Labour Exchange there is designed a Talent Bank database for high qualification specialists in which jobseekers can provide information about themselves. High school graduates and students of final courses who know at least one foreign language and have a computer literacy are invited to participate in the Talent Bank programme. Information about such graduates and students is available for all employers, and this increases their employment possibilities.
•Support is also offered for territorial mobility if no employment can be found in the locality. The project “Support for employment and labour mobility” funded by the European Social Fund has been implemented in this regard. Unemployed individual who start working in organizations over 30 kilometres away from their place of residence and whose monthly salary after tax does not exceeds € 377, receive reimbursement of travel expenses to and from work and accommodation expenses.
68.As already mentioned before, young people are currently regarded a priority group of clients, so strategic planning documents and legal acts stress the priority of their integration into the labour market, e.g.:
•The new National Youth Policy Strategy (National Youth Policy Development Programme for 2011-2019) seeks to ensure better youth employment possibilities by enabling young people to participate in the labour market and also promoting economic and social entrepreneurship.
•The Law on Employment Support of the Republic of Lithuania places employable persons aged up to 29 in the group of additionally supported persons.
•The Ministry of Social Security and Labour’s strategic activity plan for 2012-2014 schedules to enhance the processes of youth socialisation, also ensuring better youth employment possibilities.
•To support youth employment, the Lithuanian Labour Exchange has established branches – Youth Labour Centres (YLC). The main task of these centres is to prompt young people‘s integration into the labour market, to assist them in getting a better understanding about the social environment and the labour market, and to assist them in finding employment. The services are free of charge, and registration is optional. The sphere of activity of YLC operating in Lithuania includes informing and counselling services that are provided to young jobseekers either individually or in groups. The activity of the YLC is oriented towards young people starting to work, youths that have dropped out of education and the labour market, those willing to gain a profession, change qualification or retrain, as well as students, pupils and their parents, heads of educational institutions and their pedagogues, employers, representative of youth organizations, communities and other social partners.
•Career planning sessions intended for schoolchildren is an important area of occupational guidance activities, the objective of which is unemployment prevention. These sessions are usually organized for 9th-10th formers. The sessions are used to discuss the labour market situation and services provided by the LLE and to provide information about all aspects of career planning.
•In 2011-2012, the YLC closely cooperated with the ISMUniversity of Management and Economics, Association “Langas į ateitį”, Public Enterprise “Specialybių mugė” and youth issue coordinators in various municipalities. Representatives of employers and municipalities, young and experienced entrepreneurs, volunteering organizations, psychologists, specialists from “Versli Lietuva”, “Sodra”, National Defence Volunteer Forces and trade unions, EURES, credit unions, business information centres and other social partners actively participated in events organized for graduates and school-leavers.
•In 2010, the most attention was paid to the project “Būk aktyvus darbo rinkoje“ (“Be Active in the Labour Market”), which includes subsidized employment and job skills training activities directly at the workplace. The priority group of participants in this project was young people under 29 years of age. It has become possible to involve young people up to 29 years of age in different projects after the amendments to the Law on Support for Employment that came into force in summer of 2010. Previously, young people under 29 years of age did not qualify for additional support in the labour market therefore they were not entitled to subsidised employment, if did not belong to other groups of persons supported in the labour market.
69.The National Youth Policy Development Programme for 2011–2019formulates youth policy priorities, goals, activity directions, as well as the objectives of the state and society. In 2011, the Plan of Measures 2011–2013 for this programme was approved, it envisaged the provision of information and consultation services so that, when choosing their profession, young people make the right decisions, also stipulated the development and improvement of the activities of youth centres as well as the development of the system of youth work. The measures seek to develop and strengthen open youth centres and spaces, support the activities of youth organizations and promote initiatives in municipalities. Moreover, the creation process of the youth information and consultation system has commenced. In 2011, development of youth work was one of the most important measures from the Plan of Measures 2011–2013. In 2012 and at the beginning of 2013 the following legislation aimed at regulation of work with youth was approved: the Description of the Activities of Open Youth Centres and the Description of the Activities of Youth Workers. Youth work comprises social, informational, educational, cultural or any other kind of activities implemented together with young people or their groups, based on their needs, seeking to involve and integrate a young person in social environment and empower him to consciously and actively participate in private and social life. In 2010–2013, activity programmes, aimed at ensuring successful functioning of open youth centres and spaces and involving young people in acceptable and meaningful activities in a youth-friendly environment, were financed under the tenders for financing activity programmes of open youth centres and the tenders for financing activity programmes of open youth spaces.
Financing of programmes of open youth centres and open youth spaces in 2010–2013
Source : Data of the Department of Youth Affairs under the Ministry of Social Security and Labour of the Republic of Lithuania .
70.In 2013, the Plan of Measures for 2014–2016 of the National Youth Policy Development Programme for 2011–2019 has been drawn up and it has been planned to improve legal regulation of youth policy (i.e. the draft Law Amending the Law on Youth Policy Framework is being drawn up).
71.It is important to note that at the beginning of 2013 there was approved the National Programme for Voluntary Activities of Youth aimed at creating conditions for young people to participate in voluntary activities and acquire personal, social, professional competences and work experience, thus, assisting them to choose a profession, reintegrate into the formal education system and/or prepare for afflux into the labour market. The afore-mentioned programme will allow and help the youth who have less possibilities to participate in public and civil life; thus, acquiring skills which are necessary for the labour market.
72.Furthermore, there was approved the Programme for Intensive Long-Term Assistance for Young People Who Are Not in Education, Employment or Training aimed at promoting integration of socially excluded youth into the labour market and/or education system providing services of social rehabilitation and preparation for employment in the labour market with regard to the experience of non-governmental organizations. It is foreseen that in the course of implementation of the programme there will be created and implemented the system of long-term intensive assistance of social rehabilitation and preparation for employment in the labour market encouraging integration into the labour market and/or education system, helping to increase the self-esteem and responsibility of youngsters, restore, develop and maintain social and independent life skills. Efforts will be made to increase accessibility of services for youth in their residential environment and inclusion of socially excluded youth in provision of mobile services for young people; improve the quality of the rendered services, develop specialists’ competences in the area of youth work; organize and maintain cooperation among the state, local municipal authorities, non-governmental organizations and business entities in organization of the integration of youth into the labour market and/or education system.
Article 7 – The right to just and favourable conditions of work
Indexation of minimum wage
73.The indexation of minimum wage was set by the law on the indexation of minimum wages, social security benefits and basic fines and penalties adopted on 15 July 2008. 19 December 2008 the law was changed to not legally covering the indexation of minimum wages. Point 2 of the paragraph 2 of the article 61 of the Labour Code of the Republic of Lithuania defines that conditions of remuneration for work (provisions regarding wage rates, basic salaries, bonuses, additional pays, other benefits and compensatory allowances, systems and forms of remuneration for work and provision of incentives, setting of work quotas, indexing and payment of wages and salaries and settlement procedure as well as other provisions) may be included in the collective agreement of an enterprise. Parties of the collective agreement are not obligated to include this condition into the collective agreement.
74.1 January 2008 minimum monthly salary (MMS) established in Lithuania was 800 LTL (increased by 14.3 percent as compared to the previous MMS) and minimum hourly rate was 4.85 LTL (increased by 15.8 percent as compared to the previous minimum hourly rate).
75.1 August 2012 the amendment to the article 187 of the Labour Code of the Republic of Lithuania came into force. It defines that if the Government of the Republic of Lithuania does not take into account the recommendation of the Tripartite Council of the Republic of Lithuania and does not settle MMS and minimum hourly rate till 1 June of current year or if there is no recommendation of the Tripartite Council of the Republic of Lithuania for MMS and minimum hourly rate, the Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania (hereinafter the Seimas) settles the amount of MMS and minimum hourly rate till the end of the spring session of the Seimas, taking into a consideration the previous year’s average annual inflation (at the national consumers price index) and other factors that have influence to the change of average wage amount in private and public sectors.
76.The former Government of the Republic of Lithuania, taking into account the recommendation of the Tripartite Council of the Republic of Lithuania of 24 April 2012, approved the minimum monthly salary amounting to LTL 850 (increased by 6.25 percent as compared to the previous MMS) and the minimum hourly rate amounting to LTL 5.15 on 1 August 2012. The decision was made after the evaluation of the economic situation in the country, and the financial possibilities of the State budget and municipal budgets and employers, in particular, the possibility of small employers, paying higher minimum monthly salary.
77.Paragraph 85 of the Programme of the Government of the Republic of Lithuania for 2012-2016 sets out that as the economy recovers, the wages of employees of the public sector, budgetary institutions, and the national minimum wage shall be consistently increased seeking 50 percent coverage of the average wage. Following the aforementioned provisions and the recommendation of the Tripartite Council of the Republic of Lithuania of 18 December 2012, the Government of the Republic of Lithuania approved the MMS amounting to LTL 1,000 (increased by 17.65 percent as compared with the previous MMW) and the minimum hourly rate amounting to LTL 6.06 since 1 January 2013. The increase in the MMS affected approximately 200,000 employees including around 50,000 employees of budgetary institutions.
78.The Seimas passed the law on personal income tax on 27 June 2013. This law regulates that from 1 January 2014 the exempt amount of income will increase from 470 LTL to 570 LTL per month.
Undeclared work of for persons under 18 years of age
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 2013 |
|
2013 Gender |
||||
men |
6 |
7 |
19 |
20 5 |
women |
7 |
4 |
7 |
6 2 |
Groups of age |
||||
14–16 |
4 |
2 |
4 |
3 3 |
16–18 |
9 |
9 |
22 |
23 4 |
Locality |
||||
Town |
9 |
7 |
19 |
7 3 |
Countryside |
4 |
4 |
7 |
19 4 |
Altogether |
13 |
11 |
26 |
26 7 |
79.Answers of the National Courts Administration on question No. 10 are provided in the annexes.
80.Information on the existence of the gender remuneration gap: based on the data of Statistics Lithuania, the statistics show that the gender pay gap in the whole economy in recent years is shrinking in Lithuania: from 21.6% in 2008 to 14.98% in 2013. The lowest gender pay gap in Lithuania was in 2011 – 11.9%.
81.Gender pay gap in Lithuania is bigger in private sector than in the public sector. According to the latest data, the gender pay gap in private sector in 2010 made up 19%, in public sector – 14%. The highest gender pay gap in recent years remains:
•In financial and insurance activities (45.4% in 2009 and 43.9% in 2010);
•In manufacturing (31.5% in 2009 and 29.7% in 2010);
•Information and communication (28.4% in 2009 and 29.5% in 2010).
82.The smallest gender pay gap can be seen in such activities as:
•Mining and quarrying (5% in 2009 and 0.2% in 2010);
•Construction (-0.5% in 2009 and -2.3% in 2010);
•Education (-3.2% in 2009 and 0.2% in 2010).
83.The biggest change in gender pay gap is noticed in:
•Mining and quarrying activities (by 14.1 percentage points from 14.3% in 2008 to 0.2% in 2010);
•Administrative and support service activities (by 9.7 percentage points from 22% in 2008 to 12.3% in 2010) and construction (by 9.2 percentage points from 6.9% in 2008 to -2.3% in 2010).
84.Information concerning Roma’s access to welfare system is provided under question No. 4.
85.National Programme for the Social Integration of Persons with Disabilities 2010–2012. In 2010 the Action Plan for the National Programme for Social Integration of Persons with Disabilities 2010-2012 was approved. National Programme covers many areas of public life: public education, health care, medical rehabilitation, training of autonomous life skills, vocational rehabilitation, psychosocial rehabilitation, social services, education, social security, employment, culture, sport, recreation and family life. The National Programme is the main document implementing provisions of The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and its Optional Protocol. National programme measures are implemented through various ministries and other government agencies. Programme development involves organizations representing the disabled, who make proposals regarding the actions/measures, with due consideration to the diversity of disabilities and problem areas. The National Programme lists measures eligible for funding when implemented by non-governmental organizations operating in the area of social integration of the disabled and implementing a wide range of activities: social rehabilitation services for the disabled in the community, training of mobility and autonomy skills, relevant periodic information publishing and distribution among the disabled, and support for associations of the disabled. Non-governmental organizations are eligible for funding through their projects.
86.About 172,000 disabled persons of working age lived in Lithuania in 2011, only 46,000 people with disabilities worked. Seeking to restore or increase the capacity for work level of the disabled and their professional competence and ability to participate in the labour market, the implementation of the Vocational Rehabilitation Programme and provision of vocational rehabilitation services were continued. Disabled people usually chose vocational training programmes for the organizer of the enterprise work, keeper of green zones, accountant, administrator of small business, cashier-sales worker, business organizer, producer of fine wooden articles, basic computer user, tailor-operator, producer of artistic leather articles, storekeeper and cook.
87.In 2009, 272 persons have graduated the vocational rehabilitation programme, of which 113 or 42% were employed. In 2010, 287 persons have graduated the vocational rehabilitation programme. 151 or 37% of the graduates were employed. In 2011, 462 persons have graduated the vocational rehabilitation programme. The achieved rate of employment within 6 months after graduation of vocational rehabilitation programme and acquisition of skills or competencies is 47%.
88.In 2012, 597 persons have graduated the vocational rehabilitation programme. The achieved rate of employment within 6 months after graduation of vocational rehabilitation programme and acquisition of skills or competencies is 57%.
89.In 2013, 529 persons have graduated the vocational rehabilitation programme. The achieved rate of employment within 6 months after graduation of vocational rehabilitation programme and acquisition of skills or competencies is 61%.
Article 8 – Union rights
Prohibition of strikes
90.Article 78 of the Labour Code of the Republic of Lithuania regulates that employees of emergency medical services shall be prohibited from calling a strike. The demands put forward by the said employees shall be settled by the Government, after consulting with the parties to the collective labour dispute.
91.According to articles 77 and 80 of the Labour Code when a decision is taken to hold a strike (including a warning strike) in railway and public transport, civil aviation enterprises, medical institutions, water, electricity, heat and gas supply, sewage and waste collection enterprises, the employer must be given an at least fourteen days’ written notice of the beginning of the strike. During a strike in the enterprises minimum conditions (services) necessary for meeting the immediate (vital) public needs must be ensured. Such minimum conditions (services) shall be determined by the parties to the collective labour dispute within three days from the submission of the notice of the intended strike to the employer and communicated in writing respectively to the Government or the municipal executive body. Fulfilment of the above conditions shall be ensured by the strike committee, the employer and the employees appointed by them. If the parties to the collective labour dispute fail to reach agreement, a decision concerning the conditions necessary for meeting the immediate (vital) public needs shall be taken by the Government or the municipal executive body, upon consultation with the parties to the collective labour dispute. In case of failure to fulfil these conditions the Government or the municipal executive body may enlist other services for that purpose.
92.Article 81 of the Labour Code regulates that if there is a direct threat that the strike will affect the provision of minimum conditions (services) necessary for meeting the essential (vital) public needs and this may endanger human life, health and safety, the court shall be entitled to postpone the intended strike for a thirty day period or to suspend the ongoing strike for the same period.
Article 9 – The right to social security
Basic pension
93.There is no statutory minimal amount of the pension in Lithuania. The basic pension is not minimal amount of the pension, it is one of three main elements comprising pension together with insured income, average wage. In case the pension is lower than social assistance pension, the difference is paid additionally. According to Law on State Social Insurance Pensions, the basic part of state social insurance pension guarantees minimum maintenance for persons who have compulsory period of state social pension insurance and who meet other conditions established by this Law. This part of state social insurance pension is not meant to guarantee adequate standard of living.
ILO Conventions
94.Currently there is no intention to ratify ILO Convention No. 118. The ratification of ILO Convention No. 102 will be considered after the Government decision made on ratification of the 1964 European Code of Social Security. Ministry of Social Security and Labour will make analysis of possibilities to ratify this Code in the IV quarter of 2015 as it is foreseen in the measures for implementation in the Government’s Programme for 2012-2016.
95.According to the Law on the Legal Status of Aliens asylum-seekers have rights to free accommodation, have access to legal aid in the need to enable their exercise their legal rights social protection, health protection, the cash allowance for basic needs.
96.The protection of refugees and foreigners granted asylum is organized according non-discrimination principles. In order to prevent the insulation of public xenophobia and promoting tolerance foreigners granted asylum of foreigners granted asylum, trainings, seminars and other events are organized by local non-governmental organizations, other institutions and bodies of workers of the foreigners granted asylum, social integration. According to the Order of Lithuanian state aid for foreigners granted asylum the integration of foreigner granted asylum is a process of individual’s (family’) adaptation in a foreign environment that begins in the Refugee Reception Centre (hereinafter – the Centre) and continues in the municipality and which individual (family) according to their needs is granted educational, medical, social and other services in order that individual (family) join successfully the community and labour market.
97.Support for foreigners granted refugee status and foreigners who granted subsidiary protection starts in the Centre from the signing date and it continues in the municipality. Foreigners granted asylum can get support for integration only one time. Support in the Centre is provided up to 18 months. If, during the period, foreigner granted asylum failed to prepare for integration in municipalities (objective reasons) the period can be extended up to 12 months. If foreigners granted asylum belongs to vulnerable groups, such period can be extended up to 18 months. The period of unaccompanied minors, according to interest of the child, can be extended until they reached the age of 18. Support after integration in the Centre, is provided in the municipality. The period is up to 12 months but no longer until the period of their temporary residence permit in Lithuania or until such person departure from the Republic of Lithuania. If foreigner belongs to vulnerable groups, the programme of social integration in municipality can be extended up to 60 months. Integration support is as follows: the state language training, education, employment, provision of dwelling, social protection, health protection, public awareness about the integration of foreigners. Integration of foreigners granted asylum in the period the funds are made available: a one-time settlement allowance, the allowance for dwellings and communal services payment, the cash allowance for basic needs, the Lithuanian language training, the allowance for school-age children in school needs to buy, pre-school age children in preschool education institutions to pay, allowances for children up to 3 years of age, if they do not attend pre-school educational institutions, health insurance.
98.Law of the Republic of Lithuania on Cash Social Assistance for Poor Residents is applicable to citizens of the Republic of Lithuania, aliens holding a permit of a long-term resident of the Republic of Lithuania to reside in the European Community, also to citizens of a Member State of the European Union and their family members who are issued in the manner prescribed by legal acts the documents confirming their right to reside in the Republic of Lithuania and who have been residing in the Republic of Lithuania for not less than three months, however, information about their place of residence in the Republic of Lithuania (in the case of persons without the place of residence – the information about the municipality in which they reside) has to be entered in the Residents’ Register of the Republic of Lithuania.
99.Under this Law cash social assistance for poor residents – social benefit and compensations for heating costs, drinking water costs and hot water cost – is provided also to the aliens who have been granted subsidiary protection or temporary protection in the Republic of Lithuania and whose information about the place of residence in the Republic of Lithuania (in the case of persons without the place of residence – the information about the municipality in which they reside) is entered in the Residents’ Register of the Republic of Lithuania, with the exception of those who during the integration period receive support from the funds designated for integration because provision of support from the funds designated for integration of aliens is regulated not by the aforementioned Law but by the Order No. A1-438 of 3 July 2009 of Minister of Social Security and Labour of Republic of Lithuania.
100.The Law of the Republic of Lithuania on Benefits to Children states that benefits for children shall be granted where at least one of the child’s parents (adoptive parents), guardians (curators) is citizen of the Republic of Lithuania or citizen of a Member State of the European Union or his family member who are issued in the manner prescribed by legal acts the documents confirming their right to reside in the Republic of Lithuania and who have been residing in the Republic of Lithuania for not less than three months and the child permanently resides or has a temporary residence permit in the Republic of Lithuania.
101.Benefits for children shall be also granted in the cases where at least one of the child’s parents (adoptive parents), guardians (curators) is an alien who was granted subsidiary protection or temporary protection in the Republic of Lithuania, with the exception of those who during the integration period receive support from the funds designated for integration, and the child resides in a Member State of the European Union or a state of the European Economic Area or the Swiss Confederation. Provision of support from the funds designated for integration of aliens is regulated not by the aforementioned Law but by the Order No. A1-438 of 3 July 2009 of Minister of Social Security and Labour of Republic of Lithuania.
102.The Law of the Republic of Lithuania on Social Assistance to Pupils governs social assistance to pupils – free meals and assistance for purchase of school supplies. The Law does not establish any provisions discriminating aliens, including refugees, asylum-seekers, persons temporarily residing in the Republic of Lithuania and who have been granted subsidiary protection, compared to Lithuanian nationals, i.e. every pupil, who study at general education school, vocational school, pre-school education school or at any other education provider (except for a freelance teacher) according to general education curricula or pre-primary curricula, is entitled to assistance specified by the Law.
103. According to the Law on Assistance in the Case of Death, a funeral allowance shall be paid in the event of death of permanent resident of the Republic of Lithuania, i.e. citizens of the Republic of Lithuania and aliens permanently residing in the Republic of Lithuania whose data on the place of residence in the Republic of Lithuania or, if they have no place of residence, the data on the municipality in the territory whereof they reside, have been entered into the Residents’ Register of the Republic of Lithuania.
104.The funeral allowance shall be paid also when dies an alien who resided in the Republic of Lithuania and who was issued a temporary residence permit for the purpose of highly qualified employment in the Republic of Lithuania, as defined in the relevant legal acts of the Republic of Lithuania; also in cases of death of a person who resided in the Republic of Lithuania and who was granted refugee status in the Republic of Lithuania in the manner prescribed by laws. A funeral allowance shall be paid also in the event of death of a person to whom this Law must apply under the EU regulations on the coordination of social security systems and when the child of an aforementioned persons’ is born stillborn.
105.A funeral allowance is paid to one of the parents of the stillborn child or to a person burying person specified in paragraph above irrespective of his place of residence or nationality.
Article 10 – Protection of the family, mothers and children
Definitions of family
106.Relevant domestic legal acts have various definitions of family which are serving to the purpose of the corresponding legal act. Generally it can be noted that definitions are in line with the Decision of the Constitutional Court on the Provisions of the State Family Policy Concept. The Concept itself is currently not implemented.
Trafficking in human beings
107.Data of the Lithuanian Criminal Police Bureau on the pre-trial investigations and persons suspected/charged under article 147 “Trafficking in human beings”, article 1471 “Use for Forced Labour or Services” and article 157 “Purchase and sale of a child” of the Criminal Code:
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
|
Number of commenced pre-trial investigations |
12 |
8 |
21 |
11 |
Number of suspects established as a result of the commenced investigations |
21 |
16 |
37 |
25 |
Prohibition of corporal punishment
•The corporal punishment is prohibited at home as a form of domestic violence by the new Law on Protection against Domestic Violence.
•The corporal punishment is going to be explicitly prohibited in Lithuania by the new Law on Child Protection which is under the preparation.
108.The new Law on Protection against Domestic Violence is in force from the end of 2011.According to this Law any report on domestic violence immediately results in pre-trial investigation, ensuring the implementation of the criminal procedure and the prosecution of the persons guilty of the crime, irrespective of the will of the victim, who may often be under the economic or psychological influence of the perpetrator. The victim of the domestic violence is defined not only as the person against whom the violence has been used, but additionally as the child, who is witnessing or living in environment where violence is. Therefore Law on Protection against Domestic Violence protects children not only from violence at home, but also from witnessing or living in environment, where is violence.Violence defined as action or inaction making intentional physical, psychological, sexual, economic or other effects to person and incurring physical, material or non-pecuniary damage. The Law sets forth measures applicable to perpetrators to ensure protection for the victims of domestic violence: the obligation to move out, not to approach the victim, not to communicate. It also ensures sequestration of the perpetrator and protection of the victim immediately after occurrence of violence. A set of specialised integrated assistance for the victim, including psychological and legal help, is provided by the centres performing functions of specialized assistance under Programme of Centres for Specialized Assistance and Description of the Activities for these Centres. Another special Programme of Assistance and Funding for the Victims of Domestic Violence for the Period of 2013-2020 has been prepared. The implementation of this programme will contribute and strengthen the mechanisms and infrastructure of the assistance for the victims of domestic violence.
109.The corporal punishment is going to be explicitly prohibited in Lithuania by the new Law on Child protection which is under the preparation and which is going to change the current Act on the Fundamentals of Protection of the Rights of the Child. Ministry of Social Security and Labour has already prepared the Draft of this Law and has started procedures for it’s submission for adoption.
110.Article 45 of this Draft Law defines Child protection from violence in general terms, it states: the child shall be educated, trained and disciplined without violence and with respect for the dignity. It prohibits physical punishment, physical or mental torture or other cruel treatment, humiliation of the child’s honour and dignity. This article also establishes administrative or criminal liability for physical or mental violence against children as well as the duty to special assistance for children who are victims of violence or other ill-treatment so that they could recover after suffered physical or psychological trauma and reintegrate into the social environment.
111.The Law on Police Activitiesestablishes types of police coercion and strict conditions of the use thereof. According to the law, coercion which might cause bodily injuries or death may be used to the extent which is necessary for the fulfilment of the official duty, and only after all possible measures of persuasion or other measures have been used with no effect. Having received information about possibly unlawful use of physical coercion by a police officer who was on official duty, the police institution commences an official investigation in accordance with the Procedure for Performance of Official Investigations and Imposition and Lifting of Official Penalties approved by the Order of 27 August 2003 of the Minister of the Interior and, following the completion of the investigation, draws up a conclusion of the official investigation. In cases where there are elements of a crime or misdemeanour in the unlawful actions of a police officer, a pre-trial investigation is commenced, usually according to article 228 of the Criminal Code (“Abuse”).
112.In order to prevent ill-treatment of detainees in police custody, a control mechanism obliging officers, before placing persons in police custody, to record visually obvious bruises, abrasions and etc. is established. For this purpose, the Security and Supervision Instructions for Detention Facilities of Territorial Police Establishments, approved by the Police Commissioner General, provide for a personal inspection record, which lists all visible personal injuries, abrasions, bruises, etc. of a person to be placed in police custody.
Domestic violence
113.Under the Lithuanian legislation, domestic violence is prohibited as a specific crime and is regulated by the Law on Protection against Domestic Violence, which came into force on 15 December 2011. The law defines the concept of domestic violence, establishes the rights and liability of subjects’ of domestic violence, implementation of prevention measures, provisions of assistance in the event of domestic violence and the application of protective measures to victims of violence. More information about this Law is provided under question No. 19.Article 12 of the mentioned Law states: (1) Violence shall incur criminal liability, and(2) A perpetrator of violence who causes damage to a person’s health, property, environment, also inflicts non-pecuniary damage must compensate the victim of violence for the damage incurred in accordance with the procedure laid down by legal acts of the Republic of Lithuania.
Police statistics concerning domestic violence
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
|
Number of statements registered by police |
12031 |
14020 |
18268 |
21615 |
Number of pre-trial investigations commenced by police |
614 |
1577 |
7586 |
10015 |
114.After the above mentioned Law came into effect, 17 cases were heard in the firstinstance courts in 2011 and 1324 cases in 2012.
Article 11 – The right to an adequate standard of living
People living at risk of poverty
115.In 2012, according to the data of the Survey on Income and Living Conditions, the at-risk-of-poverty rate in Lithuania stood at 18.6 per cent. Compared to 2011, it decreased by 0.6 percentage points. In 2012, about 560 thousand persons in the country were living below the at-risk-of-poverty threshold.
116.In urban areas, the proportion of persons with disposable income below the at-risk-of-poverty threshold stood at 13.7 per cent (in five major cities – 11.3, in other towns – 17.3per cent), in rural areas – at 28.5 per cent. Compared to 2011, the at-risk-of-poverty rate in urban areas decreased by 0.5 percentage points (in five major cities – decreased by almost 1percentage point, in other towns – remained unchanged), in rural areas – by 0.7percentage points.
117.The at-risk-of-poverty indicators are calculated based on the income received in the previous year (to calculate the at-risk-of-poverty indicators for 2012, data on income received in 2011 were used).
118.In 2012, the at-risk-of-poverty threshold was LTL 749 per month for a single person and LTL 1572 per month for a family consisting of two adults and two children under 14 year old. Compared to 2011, due to an increase in the disposable income of the population, the at-risk-of-poverty threshold grew by 12.5 per cent.
119.Those at risk of poverty are usually children under 18. In 2012, the at-risk-of-poverty rate for children stood at 20.8 per cent and, compared to 2011, dropped by 4.4percentage points. In 2012, the at-risk-of-poverty rate for the youth aged 18–24 was by 1.6 percentage points higher than the national average and stood at 20.2 per cent (in 2011, 24.4per cent). Due to a decrease in unemployment and an increase in wages and salaries in the income survey period (2011), the at-risk-of-poverty rate for persons aged 18–64 in 2012, against the previous year, dropped by 2.3 percentage points and stood at 17.9 per cent. In 2012, the at-risk-of-poverty rate for persons aged 65 and older stood at 18.7 per cent and, compared to 2011, grew by 9 percentage points. The average old-age pension paid in 2011 was by LTL 1 lower than the at-risk-of-poverty threshold for a single person and totalled LTL 748. It means that old-age pensioners living alone and receiving the average or lower than the average old-age pension found themselves below the at-risk-of-poverty threshold.
120.As regards household composition, persons at risk of poverty are usually those living in the households consisting of one adult with dependent children (at-risk-of-poverty rate – 39.2 per cent) and single persons (31.6 per cent). Against 2011, the risk of poverty for single persons grew by 6.5 percentage points.
121.Among employed persons – 7.6 per cent, among the unemployed – 54.4 per cent, among old-age pensioners – 20.8 per cent were living below the at-risk-of-poverty threshold. Compared to 2011, the at-risk-of-poverty rate for employed persons dropped by 2.6 percentage points, while that for the unemployed – grew by 0.5 percentage points, that for old-age pensioners – by 7.7 percentage points.
122.The difference between the at-risk-of-poverty rate before and after social transfers shows the impact of social transfers on the reduction in the risk of poverty. After the deduction of social transfers (except for old-age and survivor’s pensions) from disposable income, the at-risk-of-poverty rate would increase to 28.4 per cent. Against the previous year, the impact of social transfers on the at-risk-of-poverty rate decreased by 1.8 percentage points. Social transfers had the greatest impact on the at-risk-of-poverty rate in households with children: in 2012, after the deduction of social transfers, the at-risk-of-poverty rate for children under 18 would increase from 20.8 to 35.3 per cent. If no social benefits were paid, almost each second resident of Lithuania would find him/herself below the at risk-of-poverty threshold.
123.In 2012, the at-risk-of-poverty gap stood at 22.6 per cent, suggesting that the disposable income of persons living below the at-risk-of-poverty threshold was, on average, by 22.6 per cent lower than the at-risk-of-poverty threshold. Against 2011, the at-risk-of-poverty gap decreased by 6.4 percentage points. In urban areas, the at-risk-of-poverty gap stood at 20.3, in the rural ones – at 23.6 per cent (in 2011, at 24.8 and 31 per cent respectively).
At-risk-of-poverty rate by age, 2011–2012, per cent
At-risk-of-poverty rate before social transfers, excluding pensions, by age, 2011–2012, per cent (Income including old-age and survivor’s pensions, excluding other social transfers)
124.The indicators for the year 2011 were revised, i.e. for the production of statistical information population figures recalculated based on the 2011 Population and Housing Census data were used.
At-risk-of-poverty rate by place of residence and household composition, per cent
At-risk-of-poverty rate |
At-risk-of-poverty rate before social transfers, excluding pensions |
|||
2011 |
2012 |
2011 |
2012 |
|
All persons |
19.2 |
18.6 |
30.2 |
28.4 |
Place of residence |
||||
Urban areas |
14.2 |
13.7 |
24.5 |
22.5 |
5 largest cities |
12.2 |
11.3 |
19.8 |
18.0 |
other towns |
17.3 |
17.3 |
31.5 |
29.3 |
Rural areas |
29.2 |
28.5 |
41.8 |
40.3 |
Household type |
||||
Households without children |
15.9 |
18.8 |
23.5 |
25.9 |
single person |
25.1 |
31.6 |
30.2 |
36.4 |
2 adults, both <65 years, without children |
17.1 |
16.3 |
29.3 |
26.1 |
2 adults, at least one ≥65 years, without children |
6.6 |
7.6 |
12.6 |
15.0 |
3 or more adults without children |
10.5 |
12.5 |
18.3 |
20.4 |
Households with children |
21.8 |
18.4 |
35.6 |
30.4 |
1 adult with at least 1 child |
44.0 |
39.2 |
54.7 |
46.4 |
2 adults with 1 child |
15.5 |
12.3 |
28.8 |
21.8 |
2 adults with 2 children |
18.9 |
14.9 |
30.1 |
23.5 |
2 adults with ≥3 children |
38.4 |
29.2 |
65.4 |
64.4 |
3 or more adults with children |
14.3 |
15.2 |
27.5 |
26.6 |
At-risk-of-poverty rate by age group, per cent
At-risk-of-poverty rate |
At-risk-of-poverty rate before social transfers, excluding pensions |
|||
2011 |
2012 |
2011 |
2012 |
|
Age groups |
||||
0–17 |
25.2 |
20.8 |
40.2 |
35.3 |
18–24 |
24.4 |
20.2 |
37.9 |
31.1 |
25–49 |
19.7 |
16.9 |
30.9 |
26.8 |
50–64 |
18.7 |
18.6 |
31.5 |
28.7 |
65 and older |
9.7 |
18.7 |
12.8 |
22.5 |
At-risk-of-poverty rate of persons aged 18 and older by activity status, per cent
At-risk-of-poverty rate |
At-risk-of-poverty rate before social transfers, excluding pensions |
|||
2011 |
2012 |
2011 |
2012 |
|
All persons aged ≥18 |
18.3 |
18.9 |
28.6 |
28.4 |
Employed persons |
10.2 |
7.6 |
18.3 |
13.6 |
Unemployed persons |
53.9 |
54.4 |
67.3 |
67.8 |
Retired persons |
13.1 |
20.8 |
17.5 |
25.2 |
Other inactive persons |
28.3 |
24.5 |
53.6 |
46.0 |
At-risk-of-poverty rate by sex and age group, per cent
At-risk-of-poverty rate |
At-risk-of-poverty rate before social transfers, excluding pensions |
|||
Males |
Females |
Males |
Females |
|
Age groups |
||||
18–24 |
25.7 |
14.4 |
34.3 |
27.6 |
25–49 |
16.8 |
16.9 |
27.7 |
26.0 |
50–64 |
16.3 |
20.4 |
28.4 |
28.9 |
65 and older |
13.8 |
21.2 |
15.6 |
26.0 |
At-risk-of-poverty gap by sex and age group, per cent
At-risk-of-poverty gap |
|||
Total |
Males |
Females |
|
All persons |
22.6 |
24.3 |
22.0 |
Age groups |
|||
0–17 |
24.3 |
X |
X |
18–24 |
29.2 |
29.2 |
27.3 |
25–49 |
25.9 |
25.9 |
25.9 |
50–64 |
28.4 |
25.0 |
29.4 |
65 and older |
9.4 |
12.6 |
8.9 |
At risk of poverty level 2007-2012
125.Here, we are providing the data of the survey on Income and Living Standards. The Data provided by the Department of Statistics.
126.The period 2007-2012 include the influence of the global financial economic crisis. The social subsequence made different outcomes for urban and rural areas. In urban areas the at risk of poverty rate in the period of 2007 and 2010 had tendency to growth from 12.7% (2007) to 16.2%, (2010). In rural areas, since 2009, the at risk of poverty rate decreased from 32.7% (2009) to 28.4% (2010). The tendency at risk of poverty rate over 2007-2012 is more favourable to rural areas than urban areas. Over 2007-2012 the risk of poverty rate decreased 3.5 pp. in rural areas, in urban areas – increased 1 pp.
At risk of poverty rate (%), 2007-2012
127.Positive results decreasing poverty contribute the social support. Over 2007-2012 at risk of poverty rate before social transfers (excluding pensions) in rural areas increased from 38.5%(2007) to 40.3%, in urban areas respectively from 19.1 to 28.4%. The social transfers decreased at risk of poverty rate 11.8 pp. in rural areas, and 9.8 pp. in urban areas.
Urban areas at risk of poverty rate (%) before and after social transfers, 2007-2012
Rural areas at risk of poverty rate (%) before and after social transfers, 2007-2012
The poverty gap
128.The poverty line for single person 2012 to compare to 2007 increased 32.3% from LTL 566 to 749. Nevertheless, the poverty gap decrease.
The poverty gap (%), 2007-2012
The most disadvantage groups – one adult with at least one child and 2 adults with three or more children.
At risk of poverty rate (%), 2007-2012
Homelessness and inadequate housing
129.Lithuania has not adopted a formal legal definition of homelessness which, according to the ETHOS typology, is identified as people without shelter: people living rough. There are no criteria under which persons would be ascribed to this category.
130.According to the data of the 2011 census of population and housing, Lithuania recorded 650 homeless people (people living in rough) and compare with 2001 census data (1,250 homeless people), their number decrease by 48 percentages.
131.Number of people staying at shelters increased.In 2011, 1891 homeless persons applied for shelter, in 2009 their number was 1584, i.e. the number increased by 19.4%.According to NGOs, consequences of social financial crisis increased shelter demand by approximately 15-20%.
132.Economic financial crisis determined rapid growth in unemployment level and demand for housing maintenance related assistance.If in 2008, the number of applications for compensation of housing heating, hot and cold water expenses was 103 thousand, in 2012 the number was 221 thousand, i.e. 2.2 times more beneficiaries unable to pay housing maintenance expenses without state support.Higher prices caused even faster rise in state support expenses related with compensation for housing heating, hot and cold water:in 2008 expenses amounted to LTL 46 million, in 2011 – LTL 139 million. State expenses for the above-mentioned compensation increased three times.
Number of shelters |
Number of places in the shelters |
Persons per year (2012) |
||
Places for short term social care |
Places for temporary sleeping |
F rom 6 months and more |
1 ‑ 3 days |
|
23 |
1206 |
392 |
1770 |
511 |
In total 1598 |
In total 2281 |
133.Majority of people stays at shelters, because they do not have accommodation (83%), 8% – former prisoners, 3% – victims of domestic violence, 2% – after rehabilitation in social, psychological institutions, 2% – other reasons.
2011 Population and housing census data on conventional dwellings conveniences
134.Some 973.5 thousand conventional dwellings (70.8 per cent of all conventional dwellings) had all conveniences (hot water, bath or shower, flush toilet, piped water, sewerage); they were inhabited by 2 million 262 thousand persons (74.3 per cent of all persons living in conventional dwellings).
Conventional dwelling without access to the basic conveniences
From total number of conventional dwelling do not have: |
|||||||
Total |
Hot water |
Bath , shower |
Flush toilet |
Piped water |
Sewerage |
Heating |
|
Conventional dwellings |
1374233 |
330211 |
301618 |
299559 |
174701 |
174396 |
1878 |
Per cent |
100 |
24,0 |
21,9 |
21,8 |
12,7 |
12,7 |
0,1 |
Article 12 – The right to physical and mental health
National Mental Health Strategy
135.In order to reduce suicide rates according to the Mental Health Strategy tasks and goals Procedure of inpatient psychiatric crisis intervention and day care services for adults, Procedure of eating disorders treatment in specialized psychiatric inpatient and day care units services for adults were approved by the Orders of the Minister of Health. Match of legislation regulating mental health care was assessed and needed changes of legislation were prepared.
136.The goals and objectives raised in the Strategy are being implemented through different projects and programmes as well. In the Programme for Main Non-Infectious Diseases Morbidity and Mortality Reduction in 2007–2013 European funding was foreseen: from the European Structural Support Funds for the establishment of 5 centres of differentiated complex support for child and family, 20 psychiatry day care facilities (centres), 5 Crisis Intervention Centres as well as modernization of the infrastructure for the monitoring of mental health services. These measures support improvement of accessibility and quality of mental health services as well as to ensure recovery, maintenance of their ability to work and reinstatement to the society.
137.The Strategy has been also implemented by the measures foreseen in the Professional Training Programme for the Health Professionals Contributing to the Reduction of Main Non-Infection Diseases Morbidity and Mortality. These measures were developed aiming to ensure compatibility of the investments from the European Structural Support Fund that the Ministry of Health has assigned to the infrastructure of health care establishments with human resources and to reach the criteria for the reduction of Main Non-Infection Diseases Morbidity and Mortality for the period 2007‑2013.
138.The Programme of promotion of non-governmental organizations was approved in 2009. It seeks to promote role of NGOs in forming and implementing health policy, spreading information about healthy way of living, about preventive programmes. One of the priority fields is suicide and violence prevention.
139.The goals and tasks of the Strategy have also be implemented by the individual Projects and measures foreseen in other programmes, such as National Family Health Programme for the period 2008–2010, National Programme for the Prevention of Violation against Children and Children Support for the period 2008–2010, Programme for the Development of Education in Under fives and Pre-school Children for the period 2007‑2012, Programme for the Prevention of the Delinquency in Children and Adolescents etc.
140.Implementing goals and tasks of the Strategy project “Study of risk factors for the society mental health and evaluation of directions in planning of preventive measures” was accomplished in 2013. In the study state of Lithuanian children and adolescent mental health was conducted, risk and protective factors were identified and recommendations for solving of children and adolescents mental health problems were prepared.
141.Considering the results of CAMHEE project, study of legislation regulating mental health, as well as programmes for the promotion of parenthood skills and consultation of parents were designed for three target groups – families with at least one parent having psychiatric disorder, families with at least one child having psychiatric disorder and families facing mental health risk factors.
142.Besides, Plan of activities in 2014–2016 for Implementation of Mental Health Strategy and Suicide prevention is being prepared. The Plan seeks to strengthen mental health of the society by organizing training for the specialists and society itself, by expanding mental health services for the person, by implementing mental health programmes for children and adults, by improving legislation and implementing suicide prevention.
Measures to address bullying among school-age children
143.The National Programme for the Prevention of Violence against Children and Assistance to Children 2008-2010 was aimed at providing for complex measures to cope with violence against children and all its manifestations. The measures of the programme for the prevention of abuse and bullying are designed for children who are likely to suffer or who have suffered from mental, physical and sexual abuse and neglect at schools, as well as for their families (paragraph 1 of the Programme). With a view to preventing abuse and bullying at schools and modifying as well as introducing new world acknowledged violence prevention programmes in education institutions, a Description of Crises Management at Schools was approved by Order of the Minister of Education and Science in 2007.
144.In 2008 in all levels of education programmes on preventing violence and bullying was started to be implemented. The school is recommended to choose one or several prevention programmes:
•1 level: “Zippy’s Friends” is a programme for the early prevention of violence. It helps young children – five, six & seven year olds – to develop coping and social skills in kindergartens, preschool institutions. It is implemented in Lithuanian, Russian and Polish languages. Since 2002 more than 100 thousand children have participated, 3,5thousand educators (teachers) and more than 150 consultants have been prepared.
•2 level:the “Second Step” programme for primary classes. It is a structured, comprehensible, easy to use, appealing and effective violence prevention programme, which the Children Support Centre began implementing in 2004. “Second Step” helps children learn vital social and emotional skills. It is geared toward preventing aggressive behaviour in children, and teaching children how to manage their emotions, avoid acting impulsively, resolve conflict, solve problems and understand the consequences of their behaviour. Since the programme’s introduction, teachers using the programme in their classrooms have responded positively and confirmed positive long term effects. According to teachers, children learn to be more spontaneous, are not afraid to voice their opinions, and are able to find more varied solutions to problems. Children also are better able to voice their feeling (instead for resorting to fighting), and the incidences of aggressive behaviour have decreased. In addition, children who, participate in the programme are better able to focus their attention and their academic performance improved. Studies show that there is a direct correlation between social and emotional skills and academic achievement.
•3 level: successful well-known programmes against violence and bullying for general schools – Olweus, LIONs Quest and others.For example Olweus programme has been implemented in Lithuania since 2008 at 217 schools, 90 instructors have been prepared.At the schools which implemented this programme the bulling decreased: 30.3% participants of survey have suffered bullying in 2008, in 2009 – 27%,in 2011 – 25.2% , in 2012 – 18.6%.
145.Since 2001 social workers have started to work at schools, currently there are 1016 of them. In every school there is a commission for child welfare, which deals with violence and bulling issues. Such commission also acts in every municipality.
146.In 2012 the Ministry of Education and Science prepared recommendations on the measures applicable for misbehaved pupils.
Mental health problems
147.Information concerning this issue is provided under question No. 23.
Statistic on abortions
148.In 2000-2012 abortion rate fell from 69.6 to 33.9 per 100 live births. 25.1 abortions and 14.6 abortions were carried out per 1000 women ages 15 to 49 in 2000 and 2012 respectively. Rates for 2001-2011 are recalculated according to the population census 2011 inhabitants data and rates for 2001-2012 are recalculated using recalculated number of live births (source: Health Information Centre of Institute of Hygiene).
149.Lithuania improved accessibility of emergency contraception medicines in 2008. The State Medicines Control Agency has changed classification of emergency contraception medicines (Postinor-2 and Escapelle) and they are accessible without prescription.
150.Commonly-used family planning methods are intra-uterine device and hormone contraception. About 30 percent of couples use these methods to prevent unwanted pregnancies. The significant decline of abortions upon the woman’s request could also be considered as an indirect indicator of increasing use of modern methods of contraception. Since 2000 the number of abortions upon the woman’s request has decreased more than twice. The same trend is apparent in the abortion rates.
151.Facilitating factors for the use of contraceptives are increased supply of modern contraceptives and accessibility to information about contraceptives especially through the internet.
152.In 2013 Lithuania started to implement the Programmes of the EEA and Norwegian Financial Mechanisms. Some part is designed for youth friendly services. Young people face greater reproductive, mental health, trauma risks than adults, yet they are less willing and able to access health services. Lack of awareness, inadequate information, and significant barriers posed by the current state of most health services are perceived as unwelcoming to young clients. The new model on youth friendly services will be created. Public health services, especially in health nutrition, mental health, reproductive health and trauma prevention areas, will be promoted and delivered. We expect that implementation of youth friendly services in the reproductive health area will promote awareness of safe contraceptive methods and health risks of using abortion as a birth control method.
153.Statistical information is provided in the annexes.
154.In 2012 Minister of Education and Science approved by the Human Security Framework Programme, which is an integral part of Primary and basic education programmes (approved by the Minister of Education and Science in 2008 by Order No. ISAK-2433) and General secondary education programmes (approved by theMinister of Education and Science in 2011). It states that human security must be educated in schools that operate primary, basic and secondary education programmes, so from I to XII class. Human safety education goal – to enable students to gain a broad human security and personal competence, develop responsible behaviour, take care actively of own life and the safety of others (covering almost all areas – safe behaviour on the road, safe and healthy personal life, environmental protection and so on.).
155.Lithuania is implementing disease prevention in schools, particularly prevention of sexually transmitted disease and AIDS, through public health service provided by school’s public health specialist. The municipalities assure public health specialist’s service in each school. Different diseases prevention issues are taught in schools in different classes, provided information and training depend on children age.
Articles 13 and 14 – The right to education
School dropout rates
156.Ministry of Education and Science provided rates of youth, which left education system too early. General dropout rate of 18–24 years old youth is 9% per year. In 2012 in urban areas it was 4.7% of men, 2.6% of women, in rural areas – 14.3% of men and 8.7% of women.
Schools which lack the necessary infrastructure to ensure adequate provision of services
157.No data available.
Teaching in national minority languages
158.Teaching of subjects is provided till 80% in national minority languages at national minority schools, remaining present is provided in Lithuanian.
Non-formal education of national minorities
159.The Republic of Lithuania implements adequate measures in the field of education so as to ensure that persons belonging to national minorities could have a possibility to learn the native history, traditions, language and culture. Some national minorities such as Poles, Russians, Belarusians, Ukrainians, Germans, Jews, Armenians, Karaites, Tartars and others have established their Saturday/ Sunday schools. In such schools children and young people learn their native language and history, as well as deepen their know-how concerning national culture, traditions and cultural heritage. The national minority Saturday/Sunday schools through projects tenders can get the financial support from the state budget for their activities.
160.Moreover, in Lithuania a particular attention is paid to measures seeking to engage more young people from national minorities in different cultural activities, to develop their artistic creativity and motivation through various forms of active cultural participation and non-formal learning. For instance, the Festival of Saturday/Sunday schools of national minorities has been organized in Lithuania since 2002. The mission of the festival – by means of national music, songs, poems and dances to bring together different cultures to one space, to promote their sense of community, to stipulate cultural self-expression and civic awareness of children and the young people belonging to national minorities, to promote intercultural dialogue. The festival programme usually includes the concert, educative programmes, creative workshops, round table discussion (where leaders and teachers of national minority Saturday/Sunday schools can discuss the results of the festival and provide feedback on the event, exchange work experience). It is noteworthy, that the festival has one major requirement – part of the performance has to be presented in native language with a view not only to showcase national traditions and customs, but also to acquaint the audience with the linguistic diversity. The location and the programme of the festival may differ each year. This makes it possible to expand the geography of the festival and promote cultural competence of the participants.
Training and consultations provided to national minority representatives
161.With a view to guarantee sustainable integration of national minorities into society of Lithuania, to ensure their equal opportunities to be educated, to find a job and to participate in public life on equal grounds with other citizens of the Republic of Lithuania, annually the state language courses are being organized free of charge for persons belonging to national minorities, who are on social assistance at the PI The House of National Communities, the PI Roma Community Centre. From 2005 onwards, over 600representatives of national minorities on social assistance have completed the free Lithuanian language course at the PI the House of National Minorities (Vilnius). Moreover, measures are being implemented aiming at improving computer literacy skills of national minorities (computer literacy courses and trainings how to get financial support for different NGO activities organized), enhance leadership competence (management courses, courses on administration of projects for national minority representatives organized), reduce social exclusion, and etc .
Article 15 – Cultural rights
Access to cultural life
162.Most of the programmes administered by the Ministry of Culture contribute to promotion of intercultural dialogue, access to culture and cooperation at local, regional, national and international levels. The programmes provide co-financing to different projects, and promote activities that provide the Lithuanian society with new competencies and skills to interact with other cultures, their traditions and cultural expressions, in particular those taking up contemporary forms; also those that increase partnership between cultural institutions and individual members of communities, develop trans border cultural exchanges as well as create new spaces for intercultural dialogue. Since the end of 2013, the major part of programmes administered by the Ministry of Culture was transferred to the Council of Lithuanian Culture.
163.In 2010 the Seimas (Parliament) approved he Guidelines on the Lithuanian Cultural Policy Development, aimed to update the Lithuanian cultural policy model, which would help to reveal, preserve and develop cultural identity, creative potential. To implement this goal was to establish culture as a strategic direction of the state development, giving priority to the cultural policy; to develop cultural competencies and creativity during the whole human life; to increase accessibility of culture all over Lithuania; to shape common policy of integral protection of the heritage; to disseminate Lithuanian culture abroad by achieving conceptually oriented long-term goals, and etc.
164.In 2011, the Minister of Culture approved the Regional Culture Development Programme for 2012-2020. The strategic aim of this Programme is to create conditions in regions with a view to maintain creative self-expression and the full development of human personality, to ensure cultural diversity, dissemination and its accessibility that serves as a basis for social and economic progress in the region, and to develop civic awareness, fostering regional uniqueness and its attractiveness. The Action Plan of this Programme embraces a wide range of measures aiming at improving the quality of cultural environment and services in regions, ensuringaccess to culture to local residents, guests and tourists, engaging local communities (includingnational minority representatives, and particularly, the young generation, to participate more actively in cultural activities (also the ones promoting cultural diversity and innovation), enhancing their sense of community, citizenship and social cohesion, contributing to improving socio-cultural environment in the regions, as well as promoting trans regional, transnational, andintergovernmental cooperation.
165.Partial Support for Regional Culture Projects contribute directly to reduce cultural and social exclusion, activate cultural activities and increase access to culture in regions to all social groups, promote intercultural dialogue and cooperation; stimulate understanding and relationships between diverse communities. Partial Support for Children and Youth Education Projects assist in introducingchildren and youth (including thoserepresentingnational minorities), especially from the regions of Lithuania, to a diversity of cultural expressions, improve their cultural competence and innovation, stimulate joint initiatives between state institutions, municipality institutions and/or NGOs.
166.In Lithuania people are invited to take part in cultural activities through cultural institutions. As of 2011, a local cultural institutions network has been established in regions of Lithuania, consisting of cultural centres (190 centres having legal personal status and their 415 affiliates, 161 offices conducting cultural centre’s functions), public libraries (60institutions with legal personal status and 1211 affiliates or other structural units), and 61 museums. Centralized services to public municipal libraries (project and programme coordination, database subscription skills development, interlibrary loan, etc.) are provided by Martynas Mažvydas National Library of Lithuania, at regional level – by 5 counties public libraries. There are 1243 community centres conducting different cultural activities. In addition,dissemination of professional art is carried out by2 national, 11 state, 11municipal and 14 private theatres; 1 national, 7 state, 10 municipal and 1 private concert institution. Film diffusion takes place in 19 cinema theatres and 76 cinema halls, visual art diffusion takes place in 77 galleries, exhibition halls, showrooms, studios, art centres, of which 28 are established in Vilnius.
167.The Ministry of Education and Science implements measure “Establishment of multifunctional centres in countryside” pursuant to Operational Programme for Promotion of Cohesion for 2007–2013. In accordance to this measure, 60 multifunctional centres are to start their activities in renovated educational facilities in different municipalities of Lithuania in year 2014. These multifunctional centres will embrace organization of cultural activities members of local communities seeking to develop their cultural competence and self-expression. It is noteworthy, that other differentspaces of encounter (churches, castles, manors and other heritage sites, country houses, stations (bus, air, rail), parks, the former industrial area and others) are also used to ensure access to culture to different groups of the society at large.
168.Information concerning national and ethnic minorities is provided under question No. 31.
Mechanisms to guarantee and to promote the rights of national and ethnic minorities
169.The population census carried out in 2011 provided data on 154 nationalities living in Lithuania (in year 2001 – 115), comprising about 15.8 percent of the total population in Lithuania. According to Statistics Lithuania, over 2001-2011, a slight decrease was observed for all ethnic groups residing in Lithuania.
Population by ethnicity
Source : Statistics Lithuania .
Population by ethnicity
170.Since 1 January, 2010 the issues related with national minority affairs were transferred to the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Lithuania (after reorganization of the Department of National Minorities and Lithuanians Living Abroad under the Government of the Republic of Lithuania). The Ministry of Culture coordinates measures envisaged in the National Minority Policy Development Strategy until 2015. The key priorities of the Strategy are as follows:
•To ensure integration of national minorities into Lithuanian society (support learning of the state language, reduce social exclusion, engage participation of national minorities in public, cultural, civic life);
•To create conditions for national minorities topreservetheir national identity (support the efforts of national minorities to preserve their language, customs, traditions and their created tangible cultural heritage);
•To promote national tolerance (foster trust and mutual understanding between persons belonging to different national groups; to combat discrimination andpromote intercultural dialogue).
171.The Ministry of Culture has prepared the Draft Law on National Minorities. The provisions of this Draft Law comply with the Lithuania‘s international obligations in the field of protection of fundamental human rights, and, in particular, the protection of rights and freedoms of persons belonging to national minorities.
Cultural centres for national minorities and cultural activities
172.To meet cultural and educational needs of persons belonging to national minorities, cultural centres were established in major cities of Lithuania. The Ministry of Culture funds centres for national minorities (The House of National Minorities in Vilnius, The Roma Community Centre (Vilnius), The Ethnography and Folklore Centre of the Lithuania National Minorities (Vilnius), The PI Kaunas Cultural Centre of Various Nations (Kaunas).These centres carry out activities aiming to ensure access to culture to different national minority non-governmental organizations and representatives of national minorities that promote their traditions, heritage and cultural self-expressions at the local, regional and national levels. Each year national minority festivals, concerts, book launches, exhibitions, presentations of the works of national minority artists, meetings with national minority, Lithuanian and foreign artists, etc. are being organized. These measures contribute greatly to intercultural integration of different national minorities in Lithuania and serve as a tool to preservation of their identity. On the other hand, the society of Lithuania has a possibility to deepen its understanding and respect regarding national minorities residing in the country.Cultural centres for national minorities also operate in Klaipėda, Kėdainiai, Visaginas, Alytus.
Project co-financing
173.With a view to foster the cultural identity of national minorities and to support the diversity of cultural expressions, the Ministry of Culture provides co-financing to cultural projects submitted by national minority NGOs. Priorities are given to projects that promote dissemination of culture of national minorities in Lithuania; stimulate cultural activities of children and youth belonging to national minorities; projects aimed at preserving cultural heritage of national minorities; the ones that combat discrimination, promote non-formal education (activities of national minorities Saturday/Sunday schools), and for projects that contribute to integration Roma national minority and promotion of intercultural dialogue. Each year about 100 projects receive a partial support from this programme.For instance, 99 projects received a partial support of LTL 270 thousand in year 2011, 100 projects (LTL 270 thousand) in 2012, and 94 projects for LTL 288 000 were allocated in 2013, accordingly. It is noteworthy, that national minority NGOs could submit their tenders for partial support to the Culture Support Foundation under the Ministry of Culture (since year 2013 – The Lithuanian Culture Council).
National minority folklore sound and video recording
174.The public institution Lithuanian Centre for Folklore and Ethnography of National Minorities collects national minority cultural heritage and foster national folklore. The main measures implemented: organization of activities of Ethnic minorities FolkSchool; organization of courses of Slavic folklore; organization of international folklore festival “Pakrovskije kolokola” and ethno-music and folk craft summer camp “Tradition”. This Centre also organizes folklore expeditions to national minority inhabited areas in Lithuania with a view to record traditional singing traditions and habits of the Poles, Belarusians, Russians, Tatars and other national minorities.
Cultural heritage of national minorities
175.In order to raise the public’s awareness about other cultures and the diversity of their cultural heritage, the compact multimedia disc containing panoramic photos with objects of tangible and intangible cultural heritage of Lithuanian national minorities was issued in 2012. Three-dimensional images not only convey the object, but also the beauty of the surrounding environment. Photographs are released as a virtual tour of cultural tourism. In addition to visual material, the disc contains informative descriptions of the objects presented in the Lithuanian, Polish, English, and Russian languages.
Work with mass media
176.With a view to foster trust and mutual understanding between persons belonging to national minorities, promote dissemination of information on Lithuanian national minorities, promoting public tolerance, international understanding and respect, in 2011 the Ministry of Culture announced a competition for annual award “For National Tolerance”. Nominations were submitted to the competition, that feature works published or broadcast in national and regional media of Lithuania (press, radio, television, and the Internet). Since 2013, with a view to promote intercultural dialogue as well as to combat ethnic and racial discrimination in mass media, the title of the award was changed to “For Promotion of Intercultural Dialogue”.
Premises provided to national minority NGOs activities
177.National minorities representatives (leaders and members of officially registered nationalminority NGOs), students of different education establishments and pupils, interested in issues on national minorities, have a free access to computers, printers, the Internet as well as to printed material available at the Information Centre of the House of National Communities. Similar services are also provided at the Kaunas Cultural Centre of Various Nations and the Roma Community Centre. The House of National Communities also provides free-of-charge premises to 10 national minority NGOs, equipped with modern furniture and office equipment (computers, the Internet access point, land telephones, etc.).
Involvement of national minorities in the decision-making process
178.Since 2010, the Council of National Communities has operated under the Ministry of Culture and plays the role of an expert and advisor in providing consultations on national minorities’ issues. The Council of National Communities is actively involved in the country’s public and cultural life as well as holds regular meetings with Lithuanian public authorities, Lithuanian and foreign institutions, and experts working in the area of national minorities and human rights. The Council of National Communities elected for year 2012‑2015 consists of twenty-six members, representing twenty nationalities of different Lithuanian national communities. It is noteworthy, that representatives from the Ministry of Culture hold regular consultations with the Council of National Minorities.
Annexes
Annex IStatistical information on questions Nos. 1 and 10
A.Cases of Administrative Transgressions (First Instance Courts)
Transgressions in the field of work and public health ( a rticles 41-44 (5) of the Code of the Republic of Lithuania of Administrative Offences) |
Received cases |
Cases heard |
In total (the number of persons) |
Warning |
Fine |
Confiscation of object and incomes |
Deprivation of special right |
Fine replacement to public works |
Arrest |
Compensation of property damage |
Imposition of lesser penalty or non imposition of penalty |
Other |
2009 |
3664 |
3645 |
3265 |
107 |
2948 |
80 |
2 |
17 |
1 |
176 |
5 |
|
2010 |
5542 |
5591 |
5273 |
123 |
4932 |
131 |
4 |
1 |
15 |
3 |
168 |
1 |
2011 |
3761 |
3880 |
3506 |
53 |
3249 |
96 |
3 |
2 |
33 |
1 |
128 |
|
2012 |
2876 |
2970 |
2751 |
32 |
2578 |
125 |
13 |
7 |
142 |
1 |
B.Civil Cases (First Instance Courts)
The Category of Cases |
Received cases |
Cases heard |
||||||
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
|
1. C ases on legal labour relations |
3924 |
3168 |
2091 |
2181 |
4722 |
3754 |
2447 |
2462 |
1.1. Cases on collective labor relations |
18 |
35 |
18 |
13 |
27 |
31 |
36 |
13 |
1.1.1. C ases on the drafting, validity, implementations and termination of collective agreements |
1 |
1 |
10 |
2 |
5 |
2 |
10 |
3 |
1.1.2. C ases on the infringements of working conditions regulated by the collective agreements |
1 |
11 |
2 |
1 |
9 |
4 |
||
1.1.3. C ases on the negotiations among employer (employers), employers’ organizations and e mployees’ organizations concerning the working conditions and appointment conditions, also relations of employers and employees or their organizations |
3 |
12 |
3 |
3 |
7 |
13 |
||
1.1.4. C ases on infringements of the right to establish associations of organizations representing employers and employees |
||||||||
1.1.5. C ases on disputes related to the interference of employers i nto the activities of employees’ organizations |
||||||||
1.1.6. C ases on disputes re lated to the rights of employees’ representatives |
1 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
|
1.1.7. C as es on restrictions of employees’ right to form and join the organizations |
1 |
1 |
||||||
1.1.8. C as es on restrictions of employers’ right to form and join the organizations |
2 |
4 |
1 |
|||||
1.1.9. C ases concerning strikes |
3 |
1 |
6 |
3 |
1 |
3 |
||
1.1.10. C ases on the responsibility for damages caused during strike |
||||||||
1.2. Cases on individual labor relations |
3860 |
3059 |
2059 |
2144 |
4640 |
3634 |
2384 |
2420 |
1.3. Cases on the drafting of the labor contract and appointment to work |
16 |
19 |
9 |
11 |
25 |
28 |
13 |
16 |
1.3.1. cases on the appointment to work by way of a tender |
2 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
|
1.3.2. cases on the appointment to work by way of the election |
||||||||
1.3.3. cases on the appointment to work after the qualification exams |
||||||||
1.4. Cases related to the conclusion of labor contract |
5 |
5 |
4 |
5 |
8 |
3 |
3 |
|
1.5. Cases related to the transfer to the other work |
4 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
5 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1.6. Cases related to the removal from work |
6 |
6 |
13 |
10 |
9 |
11 |
14 |
11 |
1.7. Cases related to the change of nonessential conditions of the labor contract |
5 |
4 |
5 |
3 |
6 |
9 |
5 |
5 |
1.8. Cases on the expiry and termination of the labor contract |
548 |
602 |
412 |
394 |
719 |
695 |
545 |
477 |
1.8.1. O n the termination of labor contract by the agreement of parties |
4 |
4 |
10 |
3 |
10 |
6 |
11 |
3 |
1.8.2. O n the termination of the labor contract after the expiry of term |
3 |
7 |
4 |
4 |
8 |
4 |
6 |
5 |
1.8.3. O n the termination of the labor contract by the application of employee |
20 |
23 |
26 |
45 |
29 |
26 |
33 |
48 |
1.8.4. O n the termination of the labor contract due to the circumstances irrespective of employee |
120 |
66 |
41 |
47 |
154 |
87 |
54 |
47 |
1.8.5. O n the termination of the labor contract on employer’ s initiative without the guilt of employee |
65 |
121 |
48 |
41 |
92 |
143 |
75 |
56 |
1.8.6. O n the breach of limitations for the termination of contract |
3 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
|
1.8.7. O n the breach of limitations for the termination of contract |
4 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
||
1.8.8. O n the termination of the labor contract without warning |
56 |
51 |
51 |
43 |
78 |
63 |
60 |
67 |
1.8.9. O n the termination of the lab or contract in case of employer’ s bankrupt |
52 |
12 |
17 |
12 |
53 |
16 |
16 |
14 |
1.8.10. O n the execution of termination (expiry) of the labor contract |
19 |
16 |
22 |
18 |
24 |
23 |
18 |
24 |
1.9. Cases on guarantees related to labor relations |
5 |
6 |
8 |
9 |
11 |
10 |
8 |
12 |
1.9.1. O n guarantees for pregnant, feeding women and women who have recently given birth |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
|
1.9.2. O n guarantees for employees with children |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
1.9.3. O n guarantees for sick and at work injured employees |
1 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
||||
1.9.4. O n guarantees for disabled persons and persons nursing them |
||||||||
1.9.5. O n guarantees for employees, who should receive the pensions or who are receiving pensions |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
||
1.9.6. O n guarantees for employees up to 18 years |
||||||||
1.9.7. O n the priority right to remain at work, when the number of employees is being reduced |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
|
1.10. Cases on the working time |
2 |
5 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
4 |
6 |
|
1.11. Cases on holidays |
6 |
4 |
3 |
7 |
8 |
8 |
5 |
7 |
1.12. Cases on other types of rest |
1 |
|||||||
1.13. Cases related to the remuneration and other allowances |
3333 |
2329 |
1544 |
1654 |
3897 |
2783 |
1744 |
1840 |
1.13.1. R elated to the payment for work under normal working conditions |
108 |
95 |
90 |
83 |
147 |
111 |
96 |
84 |
1.13.2. R elated to the payment for work in case of deviations from the normal working conditions |
6 |
1 |
3 |
8 |
1 |
3 |
||
1.13.3. R elated to the payment for the overtime and night work |
1 |
6 |
6 |
5 |
3 |
10 |
7 |
7 |
1.13.4. R elated to the payment of work on weekends and holidays |
1 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
7 |
2 |
2 |
1.13.5. R elated to the payment for the idle-time |
8 |
23 |
13 |
10 |
8 |
21 |
17 |
12 |
1.13.6. R elated to the payment of work when the production is made and recognized as spoilage |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
||
1.13.7. R elated to the payment for incomplete working time |
1 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
2 |
|
1.13.8. R elated to the payment when the amount of work was enlarged |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
||||
1.13.9. R elated to the payment of work when the working time is reduced |
||||||||
1.13.10. R elated to the payment of work when the output norms are not implemented |
1 |
1 |
||||||
1.13.11. R elated to the payment guarantees for studying employees |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|||||
1.13.12. R elated to the payment of holidays |
68 |
33 |
33 |
30 |
86 |
49 |
37 |
35 |
1.13.13. R elated to the payment after the refusal to work |
1 |
2 |
||||||
1.13.14. R elated to the payment for additional and special breaks |
||||||||
1.13.15. R elated to the payment guarantees to employees who are sent to the medical institution for the check of health and donors |
6 |
7 |
2 |
2 |
9 |
34 |
6 |
2 |
1.13.16. R elated to the compensatory allowance |
255 |
272 |
125 |
240 |
292 |
341 |
173 |
243 |
1.13.17. R elated to the payment for work when the employee is dismissed or after the death of employee |
1217 |
751 |
540 |
556 |
1438 |
880 |
600 |
590 |
1.13.18. R elated to the penalty charges for late payment of remuneration or other allowances related to the labor relations |
368 |
251 |
220 |
226 |
420 |
322 |
232 |
244 |
1.13.19. R elated to the equal remuneration for men and women for equal work |
3 |
1 |
3 |
2 |
||||
1.14. Cases on disciplinary penalties, except the dismissal from work |
39 |
53 |
67 |
51 |
53 |
63 |
79 |
61 |
1.15. Cases on material liability |
203 |
263 |
273 |
267 |
319 |
262 |
316 |
308 |
1.15.1. O n the compensation of damages related to the health injury of the employee, killing or professional disease |
14 |
10 |
22 |
18 |
34 |
19 |
19 |
23 |
1.15. 2 . O n the compensation of damages caused by damaging, de stroying or losing the employee’ s property |
2 |
4 |
2 |
4 |
3 |
5 |
3 |
4 |
1.15. 3 . O n the compensation of damages cause by any other way violating the pecuniary interests of employee or other persons |
4 |
6 |
5 |
9 |
11 |
5 |
9 |
9 |
1.15. 4 . O n the compensation of non-material damages caused to the employee |
59 |
72 |
99 |
78 |
84 |
61 |
114 |
91 |
1.15. 5 . O n the compensation of damages re lated to the losing of employer’ s property or the reduced value of property, its damage (harm) |
29 |
27 |
41 |
61 |
44 |
41 |
38 |
70 |
1.15. 6 . O n the compensation of damages related to the overspending of materials |
12 |
6 |
4 |
2 |
13 |
6 |
4 |
3 |
1.15. 7 . O n the compensation of damages related to the fines and compensatory allowances paid by the employer due to the employee ’ s guilt |
5 |
14 |
8 |
5 |
9 |
9 |
11 |
7 |
1.15. 8 . O n the compensation of damages related to the damage of objects |
1 |
7 |
5 |
4 |
4 |
6 |
6 |
4 |
1.15. 9 . O n the compensation of damages related to the inappropriate storage of material valuables |
27 |
30 |
23 |
16 |
41 |
24 |
37 |
15 |
1.15. 10 . O n the compensation of damages related to the inappropriate accounting of material or pecuniary valuables |
21 |
21 |
25 |
9 |
34 |
25 |
30 |
17 |
1.15.1 1 . O n the compensation of damages that appeared because no measures were taken to prevent the launch of poor quality production, the seizure of material or pecuniary valuables |
2 |
2 |
||||||
1.15.1 2 . O n the compensation of damages related to the violation of other procedural rules, official or other instructions |
18 |
37 |
39 |
33 |
28 |
35 |
42 |
36 |
1.16. Cases related to the safety and health of employees |
2 |
1 |
4 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
4 |
1.17. Cases related to the exceeded load permissible to be carried out by hands, that may affect the health or damage the safety technique |
1 |
1 |
||||||
1.18. Cases related to the procedure for calculating the term of office (standing) |
5 |
4 |
1 |
4 |
6 |
6 |
1 |
4 |
1.19. Case related to the activity of employment offices |
1 |
1 |
2 |
|||||
1.20. Cases related to the illegal work |
3 |
2 |
1 |
3 |
||||
1.21. Cases related to the infringement of right to work of the disabled |
||||||||
1.22. Cases related to the discrimination due to race, sex, religion, political beliefs, social background in the working and professional activities |
1 |
1 |
C.Criminal Cases (First Instance Courts)
The Category of Cases (under the Criminal Code of the Republic of Lithuania ) |
Received cases |
Cases heard |
||||||
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
|
1.1. Trafficking in human beings (article 147) |
5 |
5 |
8 |
6 |
8 |
7 |
5 |
4 |
1.2. Use for forced labor (article 147-1) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
2. Crimes and misdemeanors against a child and a family (chapter XXIII) |
166 |
301 |
515 |
539 |
177 |
260 |
465 |
592 |
2.1. A bduction of a child or exchange of children (article 156) |
1 |
7 |
3 |
2 |
0 |
7 |
3 |
2 |
2.2. P urchase or sale of a child (article 157) |
1 |
2 |
5 |
3 |
0 |
1 |
3 |
1 |
2.3. D esertion of a child (article 158) |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
2.4. I nvolvement of a child in a criminal act (article 159) |
68 |
69 |
77 |
53 |
69 |
72 |
73 |
68 |
2.5. I nvolvement of a child in the use of medicine or other intoxicating means (article 160) |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
2.6. I nvolvement of a child in abuse of alcohol (article 161) |
9 |
11 |
14 |
14 |
9 |
7 |
18 |
13 |
2.7. U se of a child for pornography (article 162) |
3 |
5 |
3 |
3 |
1 |
2 |
5 |
6 |
2.8. A buse of the rights or duties of parents, a guardian or custodian or other lawful representatives of a child (article 163) |
4 |
6 |
11 |
13 |
3 |
7 |
8 |
10 |
2.9. E vasion of a child’s maintenance (article 164) |
83 |
196 |
399 |
450 |
95 |
162 |
353 |
490 |
3.1. Discrimination on grounds of nationality, race, sex, descent, religion or belonging to other groups (article 169) |
2 |
3 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
3.2. Incitement against any national, racial, ethnic, religious or other group of persons (article 170) |
11 |
21 |
95 |
59 |
16 |
19 |
95 |
61 |
3.3. Disturbance of religious ceremonies or religious celebrations (article 171) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
4. Crimes and misdemeanors against a person’s social rights (chapter XXVII) |
41 |
32 |
23 |
24 |
33 |
35 |
27 |
25 |
4.1. V iolation of requirements of safety and health protection at work (article 176) |
39 |
31 |
22 |
23 |
29 |
33 |
26 |
24 |
4.2. H indering the activities of trade unions (article 177) |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5. Crimes against intellectual and industrial property (Chapter XXIX) |
30 |
19 |
15 |
6 |
30 |
21 |
18 |
7 |
5.1. M isappropriation of authorship (article 191) |
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
5.2. U nlawful reproduction of a literary, scientific or artistic work or an object of related rights, distribution, transportation or storage of illegal copies thereof (article 192) |
27 |
16 |
14 |
5 |
27 |
16 |
18 |
6 |
5.3. D estruction or alteration of information about management of author’s rights or related rights (article 193) |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
5.4. U nlawful removal of technical protection means of author’s rights or related rights (article 194) |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
3 |
0 |
1 |
5.5. V iolation of industrial property rights (article 195) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
Annex IIInformation concerning question No. 6
2.1.Population by economic activity status and age group, aged 15 and older
Total |
15-19 |
20-24 |
25-29 |
30-34 |
35-39 |
40-44 |
45-49 |
50-54 |
55-59 |
60-64 |
65+ |
|
Total |
2590217 |
213394 |
217962 |
193362 |
186317 |
203781 |
218409 |
231517 |
231802 |
184616 |
163131 |
545926 |
Employed |
1175447 |
6078 |
87256 |
136129 |
134523 |
147926 |
158951 |
165561 |
157749 |
105692 |
51243 |
24339 |
Unemployed |
291604 |
6905 |
37174 |
33212 |
30700 |
34628 |
36856 |
39177 |
38665 |
28388 |
5798 |
101 |
Economically inactive |
1122989 |
200387 |
93508 |
23990 |
21070 |
21203 |
22586 |
26768 |
35380 |
50532 |
106089 |
521476 |
Not indicated |
177 |
24 |
24 |
31 |
24 |
24 |
16 |
11 |
8 |
4 |
1 |
10 |
2.2.Population by sex and place of residence, aged 15 and older
Total |
Rural areas |
Urban areas |
|||||||
Total |
Males |
Females |
Total |
Males |
Females |
Total |
Males |
Females |
|
Total |
2590217 |
1170110 |
1420107 |
854525 |
408713 |
445812 |
1735692 |
761397 |
974295 |
Employed |
1175447 |
558623 |
616824 |
312189 |
164916 |
147273 |
863258 |
393707 |
469551 |
Unemployed |
291604 |
174914 |
116690 |
119561 |
74775 |
44786 |
172043 |
100139 |
71904 |
Economically inactive |
1122989 |
436475 |
686514 |
422699 |
168982 |
253717 |
700290 |
267493 |
432797 |
Not indicated |
177 |
98 |
79 |
76 |
40 |
36 |
101 |
58 |
43 |
2.3.Population by nationality, sex and place of residence, aged 15 and older
Total |
|||||
Total |
Employed |
Unemployed |
Economically inactive |
Not indicated |
|
Total |
2590217 |
1175447 |
291604 |
1122989 |
177 |
Lithuanians |
2160561 |
984677 |
240174 |
935568 |
142 |
Poles |
176247 |
79662 |
22788 |
73786 |
11 |
Russians |
162743 |
69917 |
20618 |
72193 |
15 |
Belorussians |
35171 |
15284 |
3802 |
16085 |
0 |
Ukrainians |
15878 |
7017 |
1670 |
7190 |
1 |
Jews |
2810 |
1234 |
152 |
1424 |
0 |
Tatars |
2605 |
1121 |
305 |
1179 |
0 |
Germans |
2090 |
885 |
196 |
1009 |
0 |
Latvians |
1944 |
746 |
199 |
999 |
0 |
Romany |
1387 |
87 |
469 |
831 |
0 |
Armenians |
1110 |
537 |
161 |
412 |
0 |
Others |
5019 |
2541 |
623 |
1854 |
1 |
Not indicated |
22652 |
11739 |
447 |
10459 |
7 |
Males |
1170110 |
558623 |
174914 |
436475 |
98 |
Lithuanians |
978948 |
467992 |
144691 |
366186 |
79 |
Poles |
77261 |
36006 |
13849 |
27399 |
7 |
Russians |
71150 |
33346 |
11725 |
26071 |
8 |
Belorussians |
14651 |
7071 |
2176 |
5404 |
0 |
Ukrainians |
7634 |
3603 |
932 |
3098 |
1 |
Jews |
1486 |
722 |
88 |
676 |
0 |
Tatars |
1212 |
561 |
171 |
480 |
0 |
Germans |
1095 |
512 |
122 |
461 |
0 |
Latvians |
840 |
335 |
104 |
401 |
0 |
Romany |
651 |
54 |
252 |
345 |
0 |
Armenians |
681 |
352 |
106 |
223 |
0 |
Others |
3137 |
1699 |
442 |
996 |
0 |
Not indicated |
11364 |
6370 |
256 |
4735 |
3 |
Females |
1420107 |
616824 |
116690 |
686514 |
79 |
Lithuanians |
1181613 |
516685 |
95483 |
569382 |
63 |
Poles |
98986 |
43656 |
8939 |
46387 |
4 |
Russians |
91593 |
36571 |
8893 |
46122 |
7 |
Belorussians |
20520 |
8213 |
1626 |
10681 |
0 |
Ukrainians |
8244 |
3414 |
738 |
4092 |
0 |
Jews |
1324 |
512 |
64 |
748 |
0 |
Tatars |
1393 |
560 |
134 |
699 |
0 |
Germans |
995 |
373 |
74 |
548 |
0 |
Latvians |
1104 |
411 |
95 |
598 |
0 |
Romany |
736 |
33 |
217 |
486 |
0 |
Armenians |
429 |
185 |
55 |
189 |
0 |
Others |
1882 |
842 |
181 |
858 |
1 |
Not indicated |
11288 |
5369 |
191 |
5724 |
4 |
Rural areas |
|||||
Total |
Employed |
Unemployed |
Economically inactive |
Not indicated |
|
Total |
854525 |
312189 |
119561 |
422699 |
76 |
Lithuanians |
741532 |
269506 |
101822 |
370135 |
69 |
Poles |
71406 |
26716 |
11535 |
33153 |
2 |
Russians |
23954 |
8135 |
4267 |
11549 |
3 |
Belorussians |
6831 |
2497 |
1021 |
3313 |
0 |
Ukrainians |
2213 |
859 |
343 |
1010 |
1 |
Jews |
163 |
80 |
13 |
70 |
0 |
Tatars |
652 |
229 |
106 |
317 |
0 |
Germans |
564 |
201 |
50 |
313 |
0 |
Latvians |
527 |
159 |
72 |
296 |
0 |
Romany |
269 |
17 |
105 |
147 |
0 |
Armenians |
138 |
62 |
30 |
46 |
0 |
Others |
884 |
403 |
136 |
345 |
0 |
Not indicated |
5392 |
3325 |
61 |
2005 |
1 |
Males |
408713 |
164916 |
74775 |
168982 |
40 |
Lithuanians |
355240 |
143304 |
63771 |
148130 |
35 |
Poles |
33309 |
13195 |
7254 |
12859 |
1 |
Russians |
11384 |
4212 |
2572 |
4597 |
3 |
Belorussians |
3018 |
1204 |
620 |
1194 |
0 |
Ukrainians |
1139 |
477 |
204 |
457 |
1 |
Jews |
98 |
51 |
12 |
35 |
0 |
Tatars |
322 |
125 |
64 |
133 |
0 |
Germans |
310 |
126 |
29 |
155 |
0 |
Latvians |
244 |
80 |
37 |
127 |
0 |
Romany |
126 |
10 |
55 |
61 |
0 |
Armenians |
93 |
42 |
23 |
28 |
0 |
Others |
589 |
284 |
98 |
207 |
0 |
Not indicated |
2841 |
1806 |
36 |
999 |
0 |
Females |
445812 |
147273 |
44786 |
253717 |
36 |
Lithuanians |
386292 |
126202 |
38051 |
222005 |
34 |
Poles |
38097 |
13521 |
4281 |
20294 |
1 |
Russians |
12570 |
3923 |
1695 |
6952 |
0 |
Belorussians |
3813 |
1293 |
401 |
2119 |
0 |
Ukrainians |
1074 |
382 |
139 |
553 |
0 |
Jews |
65 |
29 |
1 |
35 |
0 |
Tatars |
330 |
104 |
42 |
184 |
0 |
Germans |
254 |
75 |
21 |
158 |
0 |
Latvians |
283 |
79 |
35 |
169 |
0 |
Romany |
143 |
7 |
50 |
86 |
0 |
Armenians |
45 |
20 |
7 |
18 |
0 |
Others |
295 |
119 |
38 |
138 |
0 |
Not indicated |
2551 |
1519 |
25 |
1006 |
1 |
Urban areas |
|||||
Total |
Employed |
Unemployed |
Economically inactive |
Not indicated |
|
Total |
1735692 |
863258 |
172043 |
700290 |
101 |
Lithuanians |
1419029 |
715171 |
138352 |
565433 |
73 |
Poles |
104841 |
52946 |
11253 |
40633 |
9 |
Russians |
138789 |
61782 |
16351 |
60644 |
12 |
Belorussians |
28340 |
12787 |
2781 |
12772 |
0 |
Ukrainians |
13665 |
6158 |
1327 |
6180 |
0 |
Jews |
2647 |
1154 |
139 |
1354 |
0 |
Tatars |
1953 |
892 |
199 |
862 |
0 |
Germans |
1526 |
684 |
146 |
696 |
0 |
Latvians |
1417 |
587 |
127 |
703 |
0 |
Romany |
1118 |
70 |
364 |
684 |
0 |
Armenians |
972 |
475 |
131 |
366 |
0 |
Others |
4135 |
2138 |
487 |
1509 |
1 |
Not indicated |
17260 |
8414 |
386 |
8454 |
6 |
Males |
761397 |
393707 |
100139 |
267493 |
58 |
Lithuanians |
623708 |
324688 |
80920 |
218056 |
44 |
Poles |
43952 |
22811 |
6595 |
14540 |
6 |
Russians |
59766 |
29134 |
9153 |
21474 |
5 |
Belorussians |
11633 |
5867 |
1556 |
4210 |
0 |
Ukrainians |
6495 |
3126 |
728 |
2641 |
0 |
Jews |
1388 |
671 |
76 |
641 |
0 |
Tatars |
890 |
436 |
107 |
347 |
0 |
Germans |
785 |
386 |
93 |
306 |
0 |
Latvians |
596 |
255 |
67 |
274 |
0 |
Romany |
525 |
44 |
197 |
284 |
0 |
Armenians |
588 |
310 |
83 |
195 |
0 |
Others |
2548 |
1415 |
344 |
789 |
0 |
Not indicated |
8523 |
4564 |
220 |
3736 |
3 |
Females |
974295 |
469551 |
71904 |
432797 |
43 |
Lithuanians |
795321 |
390483 |
57432 |
347377 |
29 |
Poles |
60889 |
30135 |
4658 |
26093 |
3 |
Russians |
79023 |
32648 |
7198 |
39170 |
7 |
Belorussians |
16707 |
6920 |
1225 |
8562 |
0 |
Ukrainians |
7170 |
3032 |
599 |
3539 |
0 |
Jews |
1259 |
483 |
63 |
713 |
0 |
Tatars |
1063 |
456 |
92 |
515 |
0 |
Germans |
741 |
298 |
53 |
390 |
0 |
Latvians |
821 |
332 |
60 |
429 |
0 |
Romany |
593 |
26 |
167 |
400 |
0 |
Armenians |
384 |
165 |
48 |
171 |
0 |
Others |
1587 |
723 |
143 |
720 |
1 |
Not indicated |
8737 |
3850 |
166 |
4718 |
3 |
Annex IIIInformation concerning question No. 26
Abortions in 1997-2012
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2005 |
2006 |
2007 |
2008 |
2009 |
2010 |
2011 |
2012 |
|
Number of abortions – total |
30559 |
28450 |
26759 |
23683 |
20513 |
18907 |
17851 |
16797 |
15912 |
14976 |
14667 |
14212 |
12790 |
11590 |
10466 |
10312 |
Per 1000 women aged 15-49* |
32.7 |
30.3 |
28.4 |
25.1 |
23.2 |
21.5 |
20.4 |
19.4 |
18.8 |
18 |
17.8 |
17.5 |
16.1 |
15.2 |
14.3 |
14.6 |
Per 100 live births** |
81 |
77 |
74.1 |
69.6 |
65.8 |
64 |
59.5 |
56.4 |
53.9 |
50.6 |
48.9 |
45.1 |
39.8 |
37.8 |
34.6 |
33.9 |
Induced abortions – total |
22680 |
21022 |
18846 |
16259 |
13677 |
12495 |
11513 |
10644 |
9972 |
9536 |
9596 |
9031 |
8024 |
6989 |
6205 |
6033 |
Per 1000 women aged 15-49* |
24.3 |
22.4 |
20 |
17.2 |
15.5 |
14.2 |
13.2 |
12.3 |
11.8 |
11.4 |
11.6 |
11.1 |
10.1 |
9.1 |
8.5 |
8.5 |
Per 100 live births** |
60.1 |
56.9 |
52.2 |
48.1 |
43.9 |
42.3 |
38.4 |
35.8 |
33.8 |
32.2 |
32 |
28.6 |
24.9 |
22.8 |
20.5 |
19.8 |
Structure of abortions in %: |
||||||||||||||||
Spontaneous abortions |
19 |
19.2 |
21.6 |
22.3 |
24.7 |
25.5 |
26.8 |
28.1 |
28.1 |
26.8 |
23.3 |
23.9 |
24.2 |
26.3 |
26.5 |
24.9 |
Abortions on request |
73.4 |
73.5 |
70 |
68.3 |
66.2 |
65.4 |
64.1 |
62.9 |
62.2 |
62.9 |
64.5 |
62.5 |
61.7 |
58.9 |
57.7 |
56.1 |
Therapeutic abortions |
0.8 |
0.4 |
0.4 |
0.3 |
0.4 |
0.7 |
0.4 |
0.5 |
0.5 |
0.7 |
1 |
1.1 |
1 |
1.4 |
1.6 |
2.4 |
Other abortions |
6.8 |
6.9 |
8 |
9.1 |
8.7 |
8.4 |
8.7 |
8.5 |
9.2 |
9.6 |
11.2 |
12.5 |
13.1 |
13.4 |
14.2 |
16.6 |
Source : Health Information Centre of Institute of Hygiene .
* Rates for 2001-2011 are recalculated according to the population census 2011 inhabitants’ data .
** R ates for 2001-2012 are recalculated using recalculated number of live births .